Gooseberry Chernomor: variety description and characteristics, planting and care with photo

Self-pollinated, outwardly similar to a date gooseberry Chernomor, confidently holds its position in the market, the berry is also called northern grapes. He was brought out on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute named after I.V. Michurin. The biological material was taken from the variety Date, Brazilian, Green Bottle, Seedling Maurer. Growing gooseberries Chernomor does not cause any particular difficulties, the main thing is to know its strengths and weaknesses, the basic rules of planting and care.

General information about Chernomor gooseberries

Berry culture belongs to medium-late varieties. The bush is positioned as vigorous, its height is 1.5 meters, the tendency to sprawling is weak, the crown is dense, and the branches are upright.The shoots are distinguished by a slightly hanging top, a light green color and the absence of pubescence. Over time, they become light.

The gooseberry Chernomor has low spines, the spines are single and directed downwards. Light buds without pubescence grow to medium size. The leaf mass of the shrub has a dark green color, each plate is divided into 5 lobes. When the flowering phase begins, the Chernomor gooseberry has medium-sized elongated flowers of bright color.

The berries are small, their average weight is 3 grams. At the stage of technical ripeness, their color is dark red, but after a while it changes to black. Chernomor gooseberry consumer characteristics are high: the taste is pleasant, harmonious, sweet and sour, the aroma is pronounced. The skin is of medium thickness, strong, almost imperceptible veins are slightly branched.

Chemical composition: sugar content is in the range of 8.4-12.2%, acidity 1.7-2.5%. The content of ascorbic acid per 100 grams of products is 29.3 milligrams.

Main positives and negatives

When growing gooseberries Chernomor, experienced gardeners note the following advantages:

• precocity;
• high palatability;
• universal way to use crops;
• sufficient degree of transportability of berries over long distances;
• drought resistant;
• not afraid of harsh winters;
• increased immunity to powdery mildew, the main pests (moth);
• weak spine;
• causes no difficulty in cultivation;
• ease of breeding with layering, green cuttings.

But despite a whole list of advantages, Chernomor gooseberries also have their drawbacks:

• average fruit size.

This is the only minus of the berry crop is fully compensated by the excellent taste and abundance of the harvest. On average, 3.1-4.0 kilograms of excellent fruits can be harvested from one bush.

Features of growing varieties

According to the description, the Chernomor gooseberry is a plant that is not demanding on growing conditions. But to get the desired results, you should follow a certain growing algorithm.

Choosing a seat

Chernomor gooseberry, like other varieties of this berry crop, prefers to grow in areas with a sufficient level of illumination and protection from through winds. It is not recommended to choose glades that are shaded or with close groundwater (from 1.5 meters).

If you plant Chernomor gooseberries in areas with high soil moisture, then there is a high probability of development of putrefactive processes on the root system of planted gooseberry seedlings. Optimal time for planting: end of September-beginning of October.

Soil composition

Chernomor gooseberries can be grown on almost all types of soil: sandy, washed clay, sod-podzolic. Good indicators of the productivity of the variety are observed when it is cultivated on peat soils. But it is best to plant a plantation on forest-steppe and gray forest-steppe soils, medium and light loams.

Chernomor gooseberry bushes grow on them strong, hardy in relation to adverse environmental factors, with a long lifespan.

Planting Chernomor gooseberries is also possible on depleted soils, but first you need to add old organic humus from composted manure to it. Thanks to natural fertilizers, the structure of the soil improves, the degree of fertility increases.

Preparation of wells

Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to remove all weeds from the site, especially, attention should be paid to couch grass and thistle. These plants are characterized by rapid growth, and weeding them out from under the bush in the future will be extremely problematic. Given the spreading of the shrub and its height, plants should be placed at a distance of 1-1.5 from each other so that they do not experience any lack of nutrition or moisture.

Soil for normal growth and development of the gooseberry Chernomor is filled with the following nutrient compositions:

• compost or rotted manure (10 kilograms per garden planting);
• wood ash (100 grams);
• double superphosphate (50 grams);
• potassium sulfide (40 grams).

The dimensions of the planting holes are 30x40x40 centimeters.

Selection of seedlings

Before you purchase planting material, you need to inspect it for signs of disease, signs of damage, rot. The process of preparing seedlings involves pruning shoots up to 5 buds and removing dried roots. It is better to buy a two-year-old with an open root system, which makes it easier to choose a quality plant.

If Chernomor gooseberries are sold in a pot, then their age can be any. The recommended length of leafy shoots is 40-50 centimeters, the roots are abundant and white. The underground part of the bush should tightly braid the earthen clod. You can also land such specimens 2-3 weeks after purchase.

Planting seedlings

The selected planting material is recommended to be treated with a growth stimulator. Its roots are immersed in the working solution for 10-15 minutes. Chernomor gooseberry planting technology involves the following steps:

1. Pour a layer of fertile soil into the hole better in the form of a mound.
2. Place the prepared seedling in the center of the hole.
3. Spread its roots and gently cover with soil, compacting it slightly.
4. Water abundantly, mulch the ground in the trunk circle with peat, rotted sawdust. Just dry soil will do.
5. After 3-4 days, irrigation and mulching are repeated again.

Don't deepen the root collar of the Chernomor gooseberry, just define it to a depth of 3-5 centimeters.

Crop care

The Chernomor gooseberry variety does not cause problems in the growing process, its care consists in the implementation of basic agricultural practices, including the organization of an irrigation system, removal of weeds, top dressing, protection from pests and diseases.

Irrigation

During the dry season, gooseberry bushes should be moistened regularly, starting the procedure as the topsoil dries up. It is necessary to pour water under the root, avoiding contact with the leaves of the culture. Otherwise, the likelihood of developing diseases is high. The sprinkling method does not work in this case.

Excessive moisture in the bite circle is also dangerous for the shrub, as well as its deficiency. The lack of moisture in the soil should not be allowed, especially in spring at the stage of active vegetation of the plant and the formation of ovaries. In the summer, the bushes are in dire need of water 2 weeks before the fruits reach their consumer maturity.

Fertilizers

In the last days of April-early May, the soil under the bushes should be loosened to a depth of 6-8 centimeters, leveled and mulched with peat, humus at the rate of 10 kilograms per garden planting. And in the fall, dig up the organic matter with a pitchfork.In the first 3 years, it is forbidden to use phosphorus and potassium compounds for feeding gooseberries, since these substances were laid in the hole when the seedlings were planted. In the spring, you need to add urea in several stages: 15 grams - in early May, 10 grams - at the end of the flowering phase.

In the fourth year after planting the Chernomor gooseberry in a permanent place, a mixture of superphosphate (150 grams), potassium sulfate (40 grams), wood ash (200 grams) and organic matter (8-10 kilograms) should be added to the soil. This top dressing is done every 3-4 years.

Forming gooseberries

The next year after planting, 4-5 pieces of the strongest shoots are left on the bush, and the excess ones are completely removed. In the future, also choose 5 shoots that are well located. Branches at the age of 4-6 years are considered productive, specimens older than 7 years are cut out. Formative pruning is done in autumn or before bud break.

Disease and pest control

Chernomor gooseberry variety is characterized by increased immunity to major ailments. But in order to prevent it, it should be treated in the spring with a working solution based on Karbofos or ash infusion. If necessary, the manipulation is repeated again.

Cultivar Breeding

The variety reproduces well through horizontal layering. For these purposes, it is necessary to loosen the soil under the plant and enrich it with organic matter. Bend long and powerful shoots to the ground and fix with hooks. When growing vertical shoots 10 centimeters long, they need to be spudded and watered twice. In autumn, they are separated from the mother bush and planted.

Collecting and storing berries

If it is planned to transport the crop over long distances, then it is recommended to harvest the fruits 2 days before they reach consumer maturity.In the case of using fresh berries, they are harvested when they are fully ripe. Dry unripe fruits can be stored in a cool room for 3-4 days, and ripe ones - 2 days.

Black Sea gooseberry is a highly productive and undemanding plant. If you follow all the recommendations regarding its planting and care, you can harvest the maximum possible harvest.

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