Stanley plum: variety description and characteristics, planting, growing and care with photo

A variety of large plum Stanley or - "American", used to grow in the North Caucasus, but it began to be grown in other regions of the Russian Federation, CIS countries, the USA, the EU. The variety is famous for its high resistance to frost, changeable weather, moderate drought. It belongs to the Hungarian plums, a purple hue with dark spots. This species has abdominal stripes that distinguish it from other varieties. The taste of the pulp is sugar-dessert. Excellent prunes are made from Hungarian women. To successfully raise an American, you need to familiarize yourself with all the nuances.

Description of Stanley plum

Adult tree reaches up to 3 meters in height, has a massive crown. The bark is dark brown, the straight and rounded post holds the branches elegantly. The shoots have a reddish color, and the leaves have a special pigmentation, which is often mistaken for a disease. Flowering occurs in April, after the thaw. The Stanley plum variety produces a crop by the end of the 4th year from the moment of planting. Full ripening occurs in the middle or end of September. The berries have a large stone, it is easily separated from the yellow pulp. According to agronomists, the latter was estimated at 4.9 points. The mass of the fetus is small, only 50 grams.

Stanley plum in brief:

• high resistance to frost up to -35;
• does not tolerate stuffiness, severe drought, requires abundant watering in hot weather;
• needs vaccinations in winter.

With good care, one tree produces about 70 kilograms of fruit.

Pros and cons of the variety

The Stanley plum variety has a number of pros and cons. You must familiarize yourself with them before boarding.

High frost resistance Plum easily tolerates diseases, viruses, without additional preventive measures requires pollinators

Plum prone to rot
	Plum peel is not subject to abrasion, cracks, strong

According to the reviews of experienced gardeners, the Stanley plum variety produces delicious fruits with additional moisture and top dressing. The tree is unpretentious in care, easily survives a transplant.

The nuances of growing a plant

Growing Stanley plum is easy, it is only important to observe the following nuances:

• choose the right landing site, prepare the soil;
• timely water, remove weeds, loosen, mulch, feed, cut branches and treat the trunk from pests, diseases.

Plum loves moisture and requires 1 watering per week, 10 liters per tree.

Optimal planting dates

In the south, you can plant shoots of Stanley plum at any time, in spring or autumn.

1. If planting is planned for the spring, do it before the start of sap flow. Around the first days of March, after the snow melted.
2. In autumn, plant seedlings before the first frost. If a seedling was bought in November, it makes no sense to plant it before winter. It is better to postpone the process to the spring. Seedling "preserve", dug to the soil, cover with spruce branches, later - with snow. Take out before planting in spring.

In the middle lane, the best planting time is spring, because the planting material that was planted in the fall does not have time to get stronger by winter.

The landing site and its preparation

Stanley plum prefers warmth, so it is better to plant the variety in a well-lit place where the north winds do not blow. The tree will "thank" for the fertile land with large fruits. The soil should warm up to a depth of 1 meter. It is advisable to plant a plum on the south side, in the forefront. Groundwater must be in the ground. If they are not, you will have to water the tree every 4 weeks.

American plum loves fertilizer. It must be planted on the spot in a plot of at least 9 square meters. Give preference to slightly alkaline, neutral sandy or loamy soils. Acidic soil must be deoxidized with dolomite flour.If part of the earth is close to groundwater, put grated bricks on the bottom. They stimulate the growth of the root system, protect the Stanley plum from freezing.

Seedling selection and preparation

Before buying Stanley plum seedlings, you need to consider the terrain.

1. In regions with a warm climate, plant own-rooted seedlings.
2. In colder areas, it is advisable to choose planting material on rootstocks.

It is worth buying Stanley plum shoots in speci alty stores or the market. A he althy seedling has the following characteristics:

• roots not damaged, without rot and fungus, long;
• branches must be whole, flexible, strong, without overdried or deformed areas;
• desired seedling age - 1-2 years, without leaves.

If the seedling is purchased in a container, you need to get it along with a clod of soil and place it in the excavated recess.

How to prepare a plum for planting:

• for 2-3 days, place the rhizome in a potassium parchment solution at room temperature;
• treat the root system with "Heteroauxin" to improve plant survival.

3-4 hours before planting, dip the roots into a mash of clay and creamy manure.

Good and bad neighborhood cultures

Any fruit trees grow well next to the Stanley plum. It is important that there is a distance of 3 meters between her and her neighbors. The best plum companions are cherries or sweet cherries. Apple trees, pears and other fruit trees get along worse. It is undesirable to plant berry crops nearby.

Boarding process

Experienced summer residents advise planting plums in March, before pollen begins. When planting in the autumn, seedlings take root worse. The landing pit is prepared from autumn, until the first frost. Then she will have time to settle down. The size of the recess and the laying technique depend on the fertility of the soil.

1. The depth of the hole is 60-100 centimeters.
2. The diameter of the recess is 80-100 centimeters.
3. If the land is fertile, remove the top layer and set aside separately, dig up the bottom. Combine the removed top with humus in a ratio of 1: 1, pour it into a mound.
4. When planting plums in infertile soil, remove the sod, chop and lay separately. Combine 2 buckets of rotted manure, 1 liter of ash. Lay the combination on the bottom and add fertile soil from another place.

Planting plum Stanley does not involve any special nuances. It is carried out in this way:

• drive a support stake from the top of the hill at the bottom of the pit;
• fill the hole with plenty of water;
• plant seedlings near the support and tie up so that the root collar is above the surface;
• distribute the rhizome over the mound, slowly sprinkle with earth, tamp tightly;
• step back half a meter from the trunk, make a groove in a circle with a chopper, pour 3 buckets of water into it;
• mulch the area around the bole.

The process of planting a plum is simple, the main thing is to follow the instructions clearly.

Tree care

Follow-up care for Stanley plum involves the introduction of drugs that stimulate the growth of seedlings. The procedure is carried out every 3 months, for 1 and 2 years from the moment of planting. You will need 2 tablets of "Heteroauxin", which are diluted in a 10-liter bucket of water. Water the ditch with the mixture at each plum seedling.It is also necessary to cut the tree in time, water, fertilize, treat against pests and diseases, mulch.

Irrigation scheme

In the first year after planting, the Stanley plum requires the utmost attention. The seedling must be watered constantly, something like this:

• irrigation rate is 50-60 liters per 1 square meter;
• moisturize the soil 40 centimeters deep.

Water the plum without waiting for the soil to dry out. Watering pattern:

• during the formation of ovaries;
• 2 weeks before harvest;
• after picking plums.

Autumn watering will take place in October, before the first frosts.

Feeding plums

In the second year after planting a plum, you can fertilize it with a solution of urea, nitrophoska, potassium sulfate and superphosphate. Each fertilizer should be 2 tablespoons.

When the Stanley plum begins to bear fruit, fertilize it this way:

• before flowering - 2 tablespoons of urea solution, the same amount of potassium sulfate;
• during the pouring of the plum - with a solution of urea in the amount of 2 tablespoons and 3 tablespoons of nitrophoska;
• after harvesting - potassium sulfate solution - 2 spoons and superphosphate - 3 spoons.

Dilute the components in 10 liters of water. In addition to mineral fertilizers, you can use organic plum fertilizer. Every year at the beginning of summer, bring a bucket of manure into the ground near the trunk, 250 grams of dolomite flour.

Cutting details

In order for the Stanley plum to bear many fruits, it is necessary to regularly form the crown.After planting, "cut" the seedling by pinching the apical bud so that side shoots begin to grow. The future skeletal branches of the tree are formed from them. In a 2-year-old seedling, shorten the central conductor and side branches by a third. Every 6 years, 1 time to carry out sanitary pruning of plums, which helps to eliminate pests and diseases.

Preparing for winter season

It is advisable to warm young trees before winter with the following options:

1. The plum is protected from the cold by wrapping it with burlap, nylon tights. Black material is not suitable, wood can get sunburned.
2. To insulate the roots, mulch the near-trunk area with a layer of earth, sawdust 6-7 centimeters high.

Plum Stanley needs to be protected from rodents. This is done in several ways.

1. Metal mesh fencing.
2. Cover the box if the tree is small. The empty space is filled with sawdust, needles, newspapers.
3. Hut. They make a frame of willow twigs sticking out of the ground. Hay, straw, leaves are placed on top. Cover the structure with roofing felt.

Mature trees need whitewashing of the trunk - it is covered with a solution of slaked lime with copper sulfate and stationery glue.

Crop treatment from diseases and pests

The American plum has a strong immunity to diseases, but experienced gardeners recommend protecting it further.

1. To protect the tree from the attack of diseases, treat it with fungicides.
2. If the fungus has already affected the crown of the plum, burn it partially or completely.
3. Fight aphids with Intavir.

If the plum was attacked by rodents, look for them on the crown, destroy them.

Cleaning and storage rules

The term of fruit ripening depends on the region. In the middle lane, the harvest occurs at the end of August or the beginning of September. Carry out harvesting in stages, remove the fruits in 2-3 approaches in dry weather. If transportation of the plum is required, remove it a little underripe. You can’t stand on branches, they are fragile, it’s better to use a ladder.

Over-ripe fruits are soft, taste bad, fall to the ground. Don't delay harvesting. Start the procedure from the lower branches, gradually moving towards the top. It is recommended not to wash off the wax coating, it helps the fruits stay fresh.

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