Pig birth at home: farrowing calendar, table by insemination date

For breeding strong offspring, not young animals are chosen, but adult females weighing from 100 kg, although a pig can go on a spree as early as 5-6 months. After the first mating, fertilization does not always occur, but if pregnancy occurs, the animal does not allow the male to approach itself, loses its former mobility, becomes calmer, and gains weight faster. So that the birth of a pig does not provoke the occurrence of complications, the owner needs to study in advance what to feed the animal, how to provide assistance, and control the development of offspring.

Preparing for farrowing

When following the recommendations, the resolution from the burden is normal. To eliminate the minimum risk to the he alth of the female and cubs after conception:

• the animal must be examined;
• do tests;
• perform ultrasound.

Complications during childbirth occur when the owner does not understand the physiology of the animal. The cause of severe consequences in a pig is usually considered belated help.

Date calculation and calendar

After insemination, the female gives birth after 114-118 days, but only a quarter of the animals have babies on time, a third - before this time. The duration of pregnancy is affected by:

• Age of the pig.
• Number of offspring.
• Female variety.
• Containment conditions.

To determine the timing of childbirth, a farrowing table for large, bacon, greasy animals is compiled. The calendar helps to find out the date of permission, taking into account the appearance of characteristic signs. The female is recommended to be kept separate from other animals.

On the left is the number of insemination, for example, May 16, so in the column “month” we look for 05 and at the intersection we display the date 1.09.

Preparing the pigsty

In the room in which the birth will take place, the temperature should be maintained at 18-24 ° C, you need to take care of protection from drafts. Everything superfluous is taken out of the pigsty, the room is disinfected with a disinfectant solution, the ceiling and walls are whitewashed with lime and aired to let in fresh air. In the heat, spray with cool water. The floor is covered with dry straw, hay.

Required inventory

In preparation for the farrowing of the animal, you need to stock up on sterile gloves, scissors, a piece of clean materials and threads.

Before giving birth, potassium permanganate is diluted to make a light purple solution, you will need liquid iodine.

In the cool season, a place is allocated for piglets. In order for the cubs not to freeze, they turn on infrared lamps, the temperature is maintained at 28-29 ° С.

How farrowing goes

Having created optimal conditions for the female and offspring, you need to prepare to help the mother, monitor the behavior of the animal.

Signs of onset of labor

Before the release from the burden, the pig lies almost all the time, gets up only occasionally. A few days before farrowing, a lethargic and calm animal begins to rush about, rake the litter, but then the behavior changes, and the pig goes to rest again.

It is not difficult to determine the approach of childbirth in a pig female by several signs:

• Belly starts to sink.
• The udder grows in volume, acquires a loose structure.
• When pressing on the nipple, liquid colostrum drips.
• The cork comes out of the uterus.

The day before the onset of childbirth, the pig behaves strangely, makes a kind of nest out of hay, is nervous, breathes often. If you carefully monitor all the signs, you can accurately know the time of delivery.

How is the first farrowing

When an animal starts to worry, the presence of the owner can calm him down, sometimes the help of a veterinarian is required. When the pig gives birth, it turns on its side. Weak, rare contractions become more frequent, become strong and painful. Between the birth of the first and second cubs, the break rarely exceeds 5 minutes, then the process slows down, the interval stretches to 30 minutes.

A gilt giving birth for the first time has 7 hours of piglets, but sometimes the process takes much longer. Brings an animal from 6 to 8 cubs.

How to give birth correctly

Before farrowing, you need to wash your hands, treat with a disinfectant up to the elbow, put on an apron and gloves. If the bladder does not burst during the passage through the birth canal of the pig, the person will have to break it, otherwise the piglet will die.When the cub is not breathing, massage the chest and lower it into water heated to 45 ° C, open the mouth and blow into it.

At home, newborn piglets are wiped with a diaper, mucus is removed from the ears, mouth, nose with a soft cloth. The umbilical cord is pulled with a thread and cut off, the wound is smeared with brilliant green or treated with liquid iodine. Piglets are placed in a heated nest. It will take 20-30 minutes to accept a calf.

If the fetus does not pass through the birth canal fast enough, the process can be delayed for 7-8 hours. To speed up farrowing, a hand in a sterile glove is inserted into the female's vagina, the calf is felt for, and removed from the uterus with the onset of the fight. The baby's bladder is torn, the body is wiped dry, the umbilical cord is bandaged and cut. When a pig does not pass the placenta at the end of the birth, an urgent need to call a veterinarian.

Possible problems

At the first farrowing, it is recommended to carefully monitor the condition of the female, slowing down or accelerating labor activity often leads to the appearance of dead offspring, to the death of the pig.

Large piglets

Sometimes, during the first pregnancy, the female bears cubs with a large weight and cannot give birth on her own for a long time. In this case, the help of a veterinarian is required.

Wrong position

Babies die in the womb of a pregnant pig, causing severe inflammation in her, or, passing through the birth canal, are injured and die.

If the farrowing of the female is progressing normally, but the owner finds that the calf is not positioned correctly, an urgent need to call a veterinarian to save the offspring and the pig.

Stillborn babies

Sometimes a previously dead fetus gets stuck in the birth canal. It must be removed, otherwise the female will become inflamed, which will end in sepsis, the death of the animal.

Prolonged labor

If farrowing continues for more than 11 hours, veterinary attention is required as both gilts and calves can be lost. The causes of prolonged labor include the incorrect location of the fetus and its delay in the ways, weakness of the muscles of the peritoneum in the pig.

What to do after childbirth

When the placenta is over, and the offspring is cleared of mucus and sent to a cozy nest, the back of the female's body is washed with warm soapy liquid, wiped dry, and the sow is given a rest. Regardless of how many piglets are born, you need to make sure that the animal feeds everyone with colostrum. You can not let the female feast on the placenta, she can start eating offspring.

Sow nutrition

The diet of a woman in labor should be balanced. Milk production decreases, its quality decreases if the animal does not receive adequate nutrition.

Pig's menu should include:

• at least 10 kg of green fodder;
• half of this amount of grain mixes;
• hay and fresh grass (minimum 1.5kg).

The animal needs vitamins, minerals, because it spends its energy on the production of milk, which is necessary for the growth and development of he althy offspring. The first time after childbirth, the female is fed after 9-10 hours, they are given sweet water to drink. If the pig has no appetite, which may indicate he alth problems, you should invite a veterinarian. So that the female does not crush small and tender piglets, changing position, they must be constantly monitored.

If the pig is laid on her stomach, refuses to feed the offspring, she is usually given a laxative to drink.

Caring for piglets

After the end of childbirth, you must immediately remove the afterbirth, do not let the pig eat it.Reddish discharge from the female disappears after a week. Cubs in the first days of life eat fatty and nutritious colostrum, which strengthens the immune system. So that the babies do not pierce the glands of the mother, the fangs are cut. The tail of the piglets is shortened, leaving a length of up to 4 cm.

Keep offspring of a pig in a nest heated by infrared lamps. To prevent an aggressive female from feasting on her cubs, a ring is attached to the muzzle. If possible, babies are isolated in a separate place, they are allowed to the pig only for feeding. When the piglets are 3 weeks old, they offer to try the hay. Two-month-old young animals are given the same as adult animals, but the grass and straw are crushed.

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