Building a pigsty with your own hands: types, drawings, materials, step by step instructions

Some owners of private plots often think about breeding piglets. However, before you do this, you need to build a special barn for animals. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with the features of the construction of a pigsty in advance.

Types of pigsties

Before you build a barn for pigs, you need to familiarize yourself with the main varieties of such structures. Most often, the following types of structures are built for breeding piglets:

• Construction-mother liquor. Such a room is being built for easier farrowing. It is divided into several sections, thanks to which it is possible to accommodate about 35 sows. In the middle of the structure there should be a section for feeding animals.
• Boar. The structure is built specifically for keeping boars. Inside the boars, the piglets are divided into two rows. All animals are kept in separate, fenced-off groups.
• Fatter. Quite large structures used for keeping piglets in large groups. All animals in the finishers are placed in 3-4 rows.

Preparing for construction

Before building a pigsty, you need to familiarize yourself with the preparations for further construction work.

How to calculate area

The first stage of preparation for further construction is the calculation of the construction area. The size of the structure directly depends on the number of animals that will be contained in it. For example, if a shed for 2 heads is being built, it will be enough to make a small building with an area of 3 meters.

To keep sows, you will need more spacious structures so that they have enough free space.A barn with an area of ten meters is being built on the territory of the site for 10 heads. For 20 heads, you will need a spacious structure so that the pigs do not crowd next to each other. The area of the room should be 15-20 meters.

Drawings

It is very important to create a drawing of the future structure before building a shed. Such a scheme will help in the future during the construction of the structure for breeding piglets. Before drawing a building project on paper, you must do the following:

• choose a place to build a pigsty;
• carefully consider the structural features of the building, if necessary, sketch a rough plan on paper;
• determine the dimensions of the building and the distance from the inner walls;
• determine the type of breed to be grown and the number of heads, as this will determine the number of piglets.

Selection of materials and calculation of their quantity

To build a pigsty without high costs, it is necessary to pre-select the necessary materials and determine their quantity. First you need to choose the material from which the foundation for the pigsty in the country will be created. Experienced builders recommend using concrete for its manufacture. Its main advantage is resistance to moisture. To calculate the required amount of concrete, you will have to multiply the height of the foundation by the length.

Various materials are used in the construction of walls. Some people build them from sleepers. Foam blocks are used to build a warm shed for Vietnamese pigs. If you need to build a structure in the form of a greenhouse, the walls are made of polycarbonate.

How to build a pigsty with your own hands

To properly build a barn for pigs at home, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic features of construction.

Foundation

The construction of a pigsty begins with the foundation. First, a place is marked on the site where the barn will be built. Then a trench is dug under the future foundation. It is recommended to make recesses deeper so that the foundation is reliable. Therefore, the depth of the trench should not be less than fifty centimeters.

A layer of sand and gravel is poured into the dug out depressions. It must be carefully compacted, after which the concrete mixture is poured. When the concrete is completely dry, roofing material is laid on top of it. This material is needed to improve waterproofing. It is better to lay the roofing material in several layers to prevent moisture from entering.

Gender options

The most controversial and difficult issue in the construction of pigsties is the creation of floors. Experienced farmers who have already built barns recommend creating it from concrete.Thanks to this material, the floor covering will turn out to be perfectly even. It will not absorb unpleasant odors and moisture. Also, the concrete floor is easy to clean from dirt.

To make a solid concrete floor, you need to remove the top layer of soil 4-5 centimeters high. Then small gravel with sand is poured onto the surface. A concrete solution is poured over the bottom layer. Such a floor covering will harden within 3-4 days.

Walls and roof

When building walls, it is better to use warm and light materials. These include aerated concrete or foam concrete. The only serious drawback of these materials is the absorption of moisture. Therefore, the walls will have to be carefully plastered both outside and inside. It is not recommended to make the walls too low, as there must be good ventilation inside the pigsty. The optimal height is two and a half meters.However, if necessary, they are made even higher.

The roof of the pigsty is made lean-to. Do not make an attic, as there will always be high humidity in the barn. As a covering material for the roof, you can use tiles, slate or ordinary roofing felt.

Ceiling

After the construction of the roof, they are creating a ceiling for the pigsty. It can be made from ordinary wooden boards or reinforced concrete slabs. To maintain the temperature inside the barn, the ceiling will have to be insulated. As a heater, any improvised materials are used. Some lay sawdust on top of the ceiling and cover with a thin layer of sand.

Windows and doors of service rooms

Each pigsty should have small windows located at a distance of one and a half meters from the floor covering. Large windows do not need to be made, as a large amount of light makes the piglets active and excited.Most often, windows with single glazing are installed. However, if the barn is being built in a region with harsh winters, it is better to install structures with double glazing. Also, installed windows should open so that the barn can be ventilated.

All service rooms must be equipped with doors. They must be firmly closed so that there is no strong draft inside the pigsty with animals.

Doorways for outdoor access

Doorways are recommended to be created on the south side of the building, as it is most often calm there. Their dimensions directly depend on the features of waste treatment and the delivery of feed mixtures. The optimal height is two meters, and the width is one and a half meters. Near the openings, you can make a small utility room - canopy. They will be used to store food, tools and bedding. If the barn is being built in the northern region, where there is often a strong wind, a vestibule is installed in front of the entrance. It is two meters wide and about three meters deep.

Ventilation

In order to better clean the polluted air indoors, you need to think about the ventilation system. Exit shafts are made near places where slurry with manure is collected. The dimensions of the ventilated shafts can be different, it all depends on the number of heads in the barn. For example, when rearing adult animals, the cross-sectional area of the pipe must be at least 165 square centimeters.

Lighting and water supply

The barn in which pigs are raised should be well lit. If there is not enough light in animals, immunity can decrease, which will lead to the appearance of diseases. Also, with poor lighting, piglets absorb vitamins worse and grow more slowly. In addition to windows, ultraviolet or infrared lamps are used to illuminate the pigsty. They are installed at a distance of one meter from the floor surface.

Uninterrupted water supply is created in the pigsty. In this case, purified water should be supplied. If it is of poor quality, their digestion will worsen, which will lead to constipation.

Heating the barn

The room where the piglets are kept must be heated to maintain the temperature. If the pigsty is small and several heads are grown in it, you can install 2-3 fan heaters. For large rooms, special heating stoves will have to be built.

Some install underfloor heating instead. In this case, at the initial stage of construction, you will have to deal with the laying of heating pipes, which are placed between the layers of the floor.

Manure collection system

The main problem that many farmers face when raising piglets is waste management. Some do it by hand, but this work is very laborious.Therefore, it is better to think in advance about the manure collection system. To collect waste products, special manure trays are installed. Such structures are made of boards, metal pipes or concrete.

Interior design

Before you put the pigs in the pigsty, you need to do the interior arrangement of the premises.

Machines

The pig house is equipped with special machines, inside which the piglets are placed. They can be iron or wood. The height of each such machine is made at least one meter. A secure gate is installed on the front side so that the piglets cannot run out.

Feeders-drinkers

In all pigsties, a special device for feeding food - a feeder should be installed. The dimensions of such structures depend on the area of the pigsty and on the number of animals.For 3-4 small pigs, one trough 40-45 centimeters deep is enough. A drinking bowl should be installed near each pig. It is recommended to use cup products as they will not splash water.

Conclusion

Every farmer who is going to breed piglets will have to build a pigsty. Before that, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types of structures, as well as with the nuances of their construction.

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