Bull shed: dimensions and diagrams, how to build your own hands at home

A pet requires special conditions of keeping, which are established by veterinary and sanitary standards. Bull barns are no exception in this respect. Those who plan to build a room on their own, and then equip it, need to carefully prepare and take into account the nuances. Animal he alth and productivity depend on the correct execution of the construction stages.

Features of building a bull barn

Before starting construction, a number of factors should be taken into account that will affect the he alth of the bulls, and hence their productivity.It is important to draw up a plan, complete the necessary drawings and prepare an estimate. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the number of heads, breed, dimensions and weight.

Animals spend more than 10 hours a day at the bases for livestock, and during this period they should be comfortable. Therefore, the livestock shed must have an efficient heating and ventilation system, as well as lighting. It is important to correctly select materials for laying the foundation and erecting walls, to design the roof in advance. The walking area and the interior arrangement of the premises matter.

What are the basic requirements for animal housing

Certain requirements are put forward for the premises for keeping cattle. They are not difficult to perform if you familiarize yourself with them in advance. First of all, you need to choose the right place for the future barn. The corral should not be located near private houses. Next to the room you will need a place for a walking area, a silo pit, a haystack, and manure.

Standard norms for tethered housing are as follows:

• creating a safe environment for livestock and staff;
• free access of animals to food and water;
• fixing the bull if necessary;
• presence of partitions of certain sizes;
• ventilation and lighting system.

When calculating before starting construction, you should pay attention that the barn must be of the correct size. It is necessary to take into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, the height of the walls, the angle of the floor. There are strict guidelines for stall size. An adult animal will need at least 6 m², and a young animal up to 3 months - about 3m²

Schemes and drawings

It is important to think over the design of the barn at the initial stages. If the process of designing and budgeting is competent, then the premises will last a long time, and the farmer will not have to spend money on rebuilding and regular repairs after a certain period.

You need to decide on the materials in advance. For example, wooden floors are environmentally friendly, warm. They are suitable for young and fattening bulls. In addition, they reduce the cost of bedding.

It is necessary to take into account not only the number of bulls at the moment, but also in the future. After all, expanding the premises will take time and additional expenses. Therefore, the calculation of the livestock will help eliminate unnecessary costs.

Building process

The process of building a barn is not complicated, it should be divided into stages:

• laying the foundation;
• building walls;
• flooring;
• roof construction.

Each stage is performed at a certain time, has its own characteristics.

Foundation

The foundation is a kind of guarantee of the durability of the building. The future premises depend on it, since it is the basis. The foundation is often poured with their own hands. It is divided into several types:

• columnar is suitable for small herds and is considered a quick and economical way to fill;
• tape is one of the universal ones, so it is used more often;
• monolithic should be used for the construction of large farms for cattle, as it is costly, but also more durable.

How to choose the best option? It is necessary to take into account the livestock, the soil of the area, the characteristics of the material from which the walls will be built. One more point should not be missed - at this stage, you need to take care of the waterproofing of the room.

Floors

The optimal material for floor construction is concrete. It is strong and durable, especially considering the weight of the bulls. In addition, it does not absorb unpleasant odors. When performing floor pouring work, it must be slightly raised at a certain angle (4 °), and grooves must be made to remove waste.

Concrete has a drawback - it is cold. You can correct the situation with the help of bedding made of hay or straw and wooden shields that you make yourself at home.

Walls

If you plan to build a small building for a small number of animals, then a tree will do. However, with a livestock of 20 bulls or more, a practical and durable material will be required. Brick is not cheap. You can replace it with gas blocks or foam blocks. With their help, it will be possible to build a barn faster.

You need to build walls from corners. At the same time, their height should not exceed 2.5 m. A larger indicator will make the walls cold in winter, and a smaller one will make them stuffy in summer.

Roof

The roof is made single or double. Shed design requires crates, tight mounting of boards. The joints are sealed with a solution of clay or other material. The surface can be covered with soil or sawdust. Slate or roofing material will serve as a covering material. In the southern regions, they do without additional insulation. In the cold regions of the country, thorough insulation is necessary.

Gable roofs are preferred because of the additional space - the attic, where food can be stored. Also, the attic acts as a kind of insulation for the barn. In some cases, they make a canopy for animals, which is a continuation of the roof.

Walking area

The key to the he alth and high productivity of an animal lies not only in a competent diet, vitamin supplements, care, but also in daily exercise. Cattle must move freely around the allotted territory in the fresh air every day. The correct area for walking should have a canopy, a reliable fence, free access to water. Such a recreation area must be cleaned of manure and foreign debris in a timely manner.

Finishing the premises

No less serious requirements are put forward for the internal arrangement of the premises:

• young and adult animals should be located in different rooms;
• drinkers and feeders should be freely available;
• animals should be placed in stalls with their faces towards the feeder and their tails towards the drain;
• stalls should be appropriate for the size of the cattle.

Don't skimp on the size of the room, otherwise it will get dirty faster and the animals will start to feel uncomfortable.

Installation of feeders and drinkers

It is necessary to properly organize a place for eating and drinking. Feed containers and drinkers should be installed outside the stalls along the walls of the barn. At the same time, animals must freely approach the tanks at any time.

Feeding troughs can be varied in shape, but trapezoidal is considered traditional and convenient. You can buy them in a specialized store or make your own. The drinker must be installed in the immediate vicinity of the feeder. With a tethered type of content, cup or valve-float systems are suitable. They are convenient because they are automatic and connected to a common water supply system.

Lighting and ventilation of the barn

Ventilation systems can be of two types: forced and natural. It makes no sense to buy a complete installation for a barn. For a small room, ventilation shafts made of metal or polypropylene pipes are suitable. Fresh air from the street is supplied through holes in the walls, and excess warm air is removed through special pipes in the roof.

As for lighting, an artificial system will need to be installed. Daylight is sufficient for daylight hours. The sun will enter the room through the windows, which should be made sliding for ventilation. In winter, when the day is too short, it is necessary to use artificial lighting. The lack of light can negatively affect the productivity of cattle. To do this, you can use mercury, halogen or incandescent lamps.

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