Treatment of bees from a tick in the fall: terms and rules, which preparations to choose

By treating bees from ticks in the fall, it is possible to get rid of dangerous parasites that cause viral diseases. There are several options for exposure - thermal, biological, chemical. To achieve the desired effect, it is important to choose the right processing method and strictly follow the rules of the procedure. It should include a number of successive stages.

General characteristics of the pest and the need for treatment

Varroa mite is a dangerous pest that negatively affects the condition of the bee colony. It sticks to insects and feeds on their blood, and also spreads dangerous infections that lead to the death of honey plants.Tick infestation leads to a strong weakening of families.

Pests are characterized by an oval flattened brown body. In width, its dimensions reach 1.8 millimeters, and in length - 1. The life expectancy of pests is approximately 10 months. The development of Varroa mites occurs at a humidity of 70% and a temperature of +34-36 degrees.

Pests provoke the defeat of bees. Up to 7 ticks can parasitize on 1 individual. At the same time, abnormal processes develop in the body of the bee. Honey insects are weakened and unable to cope with diseases.

When a larva is affected by a tick, a small bee appears from it, which does not have a fatty layer. In addition, the surface of her body is devoid of shine. Adult drones and bees that are infested with mites cannot fly and feed brood normally.

Because it is so important to fight parasites in a timely manner. To do this, you can put plates or apply thermal effects. Strips and fumigation with smoke are also considered effective means. In simple cases, it is enough to use folk recipes.

When to process

Beekeepers should treat insects to prevent the development of mites in hives and for medicinal purposes. The procedure is usually carried out in the spring - most often in March. Also, the manipulation is performed in the fall. If the mites are not removed before winter, the bees may die. In summer, during the period of active honey collection, aggressive chemicals are not used. At this time, more gentle methods should be used.

Methods of implementation

Today there are many known methods of treating hives from ticks. This helps each beekeeper choose the most suitable option.

Thermal effect

To process the hives in this way, you need to raise the temperature in them to +48 degrees. With such parameters, the parasites become uncomfortable, and they leave the bodies of the bees. Thermal exposure should last 8 minutes.

To increase the temperature to the desired levels, thermal chambers are required.

They are sold in specialized stores. The advantage of this method is the absence of harmful fumes and particles of chemicals that can get into honey. At the same time, the procedure is considered not very common, since it can lead to steaming and burns of insects. In addition, there is a risk of reduced immunity in bees.

Applying smoke

This method is considered very common because it gives excellent results and can be used during honey collection.An old canvas and a smoke gun are suitable for processing the hive. Propolis should be applied to the canvas and placed in a cannon. After half an hour of exposure, dead mites appear at the bottom of the hive.

Instead of canvas with propolis, it is permissible to use smoldering oak bark.

Biologicals

In order not to harm the bees, the hives can be treated with the following means:

• Formic acid - this substance must be diluted at a concentration of 85-87%. Then pour 40 milliliters of the product into a special container and hang it in the corner above the nest. It takes 3-5 days to evaporate the acid. Processing is carried out at a temperature of +15-25 degrees.
• Oxalic acid - literally 2 grams of the product is required to process the hive. It must be placed in a bee house in a warm form.

Chemical Methods

To make the treatment more efficient, powerful chemicals must be used. The most effective means include:

• "Bipin-T" - you need to make an emulsion from the liquid. To do this, for 1 milliliter of the substance, you need to take 2 liters of warm water. The finished product can be sprayed with bees. For 1 frame, you need to use 10-20 milliliters of the product. Processing should be carried out 2 times - after collecting honey and before the start of winter.
• "Fumagillin" - this remedy must be mixed with sugar syrup in a ratio of 2:1000. It must be used after pumping honey. It is required to feed the bees 4-5 times. This is done at intervals of 3 days. For 1 family, you need to use about a glass of syrup per day.
• "Phenothiazine" - it is worth processing the hives after the main pumping of honey or 1 month before it. In total, you need to carry out 3 procedures with an interval of 1 day. A week later, the course must be repeated.

Folk remedies

In order not to harm honey insects, many beekeepers prefer to use folk remedies. The most effective substances include the following:

• Decoction of celandine. Before use, the raw material must be thoroughly dried. Then take 50 grams of grass and pour 1 liter of boiling water. Cook the decoction for 3 minutes over medium heat. Then it must be left for at least half an hour. The finished product is required to sprinkle the bees, frames and brood. This is done 3-5 times with an interval of 6-7 days.
• Fir oil. This effective remedy does not harm the bees. To treat varroatosis, you need to take a sheet of parchment and treat it with 1-2 milliliters of essential oil. This amount is enough for 1 family. Then the sheet must be placed over the frames with the oiled side down and covered with canvas. Letki need to be closed for 1-2 hours.After that, you need to open them and leave the parchment for another 3 days. This method should be applied 3 times in summer and 2 times in spring and autumn. The interval between procedures should be 8-10 days.
• Sugar syrup with herbs. It is prepared using calendula and chamomile flowers. Also used motherwort. To prepare the product, 50 grams of dry raw materials must be mixed with 1 liter of cold water. Cook the composition on a steam bath for 30 minutes, and then another quarter of an hour after boiling. Then the product should be left for half an hour, strained and mixed with syrup at the rate of 50-100 grams per 1 liter.

Prevention

To minimize the chance of bees becoming infected with a mite, you need to follow these rules:

• avoid acquiring infected bees and thoroughly screen all new hive dwellers;
• systematically check hives for parasites;
• limit the risk of bee theft;
• carry out seasonal tick treatments;
• remove frames with first and last brood;
• set hives not too close to each other at a maximum height of 30 centimeters.

Treatment of bees from ticks is of great importance. Thanks to this, it is possible to cope with varroatosis and avoid weakening the immune system of the bee colony. Today, there are many methods, which allows everyone to choose the best option. At the same time, it is very important to carry out the processing correctly, strictly adhering to the instructions.

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