Sea fish: a list of varieties, what are there and their features

Sea edible fish prefers special living conditions. This provides for special fishing conditions, which require tackle that is different from those used for river fishing. The group includes numerous families found in all areas of the oceans and seas, southern, middle and northern latitudes, s alt water bodies. Most prefer the upper layers of the water where there is the most oxygen.

Features

Sea inhabitants in the course of their evolution have adapted to increased mineralization. This allows them to live and develop normally even in very s alty water or adverse conditions.Individuals differ from the river and anatomically, which is associated with a different habitat. The swim bladder is absent in most marine representatives, the bones are stronger. But such fish can live not only in the seas, it is not uncommon for individuals to enter freshwater reservoirs and feel great.

Differences between marine and river fish:

1. The size is large, the body is massive. Weight can reach several hundred kilograms, for example, the largest shilb catfish, which was discovered in 2005, was a representative of this species with a weight of 293 kilograms. The weight of a whale shark can exceed 3 tons.
2. There is more biodiversity in the oceans and seas, which affects the lifestyle of fish. Conditions change quickly, so the inhabitants of the waters must be able to quickly adapt to them. For example, cartilaginous varieties can move around in their sleep.
3. Sensitivity to oxygen levels and temperature changes is reduced. However, marine individuals are sensitive to wind and waves, going to depth during storms.
4. The meat of sea creatures is considered the safest and most delicious. Freshwater areas are polluted, often such fish have a taste of mud. Marine species do not have these shortcomings, the content of nutrients is higher. But the meat is denser, although its taste is better.

The list of marine fish includes populations that differ in the following features:

• the main factor affecting the habitat is the wind, not temperature changes, as for freshwater;
• the sizes are predominantly larger than for the inhabitants of small fresh water bodies, which is associated with the habitat;
• activity is higher, the bite is better, it is intense, but requires the use of special tools.

In strong winds and high waves, the fish go to the deep layers or the open sea, where the excitement is lower. That is, in a strong storm, fishing decreases, but after it ends, part of the fish rises in search of food.

Useful properties

Sea fish stands out for its rich composition and numerous useful properties. Meat contains micro and macro elements, vitamins, numerous useful substances that are shown at any age. Despite the fact that some breeds are fatty, sea fish is ideal for a balanced diet and good nutrition. But for kids, preference is still given to river fish, which is easier to digest at this age.

The fish that live in the sea are divided into many types. These are pollock, salmon, hake, cod. They are rightfully considered the most useful, rich in vitamins E and B, Omega-3, iron, fluorine and many other substances. Perch meat contains an increased amount of phosphorus, which is necessary for the functioning of the nervous system. But pike perch is rich in various groups of vitamins, it is necessary for the normal functioning of the digestive tract.

Expert opinionZarechny Maxim ValerievichAgronomist with 12 years of experience. Our best gardening expert.Ask a QuestionIn order to preserve the beneficial properties as much as possible, it is recommended not to fry the fish, but to bake it in the oven, boil, steam. Regular consumption of seafood improves brain function, has the most beneficial effect on the reproductive system. Fish helps fight stress, overwork and depression, improves sleep.

Views

What is marine fish, and what are its types? These are all representatives that prefer s alt water, while they are found in different latitudes. The list is updated annually with hundreds of species. But all of them can be divided into the following groups:

• perch;
• flounder;
• cod;
• sturgeon, salmon and others.

Red fish

Species of red sea fish is a generalized name for sturgeon, related to delicacy.The most popular are salmon, characterized by a characteristic pinkish or red tint of meat and a delicate, delicate taste. These are valuable breeds, which include sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, beluga, sterlet and others. Species with a rich red color of meat include salmon, salmon, pink salmon, and trout. White salmon, whitefish, coho salmon have light meat.

Representatives of the group belong to valuable breeds. These types of marine fish are rich in magnesium, calcium, Omega-3. The composition of meat also contains selenium, fluorine and other substances. It also contains many vitamins of groups A, B, PP, C and others, leucine, valine, arginine and other useful trace elements necessary for normal life. As part of the necessary proteins and fats, which are very easily absorbed by the body. The amount of iodine exceeds that of animal meat.

In addition to meat, these breeds are distinguished by black and red caviar, which belongs to gourmet products.This product is characterized by an increased amount of fat, that is, it is necessary to use caviar carefully, especially for people who suffer from kidney disease. Also, caviar is a rather heavy product for the gastrointestinal tract, it is not recommended for babies under the age of 3 years to use it, as there are risks of causing indigestion. But for adults, such a product in moderation is very useful.

Ray-finned fish

The list of fish living in the sea includes approximately 95% of the species of small size. Almost every body of water has representatives of ray-finned, for example, perch. The class got its name due to the special shape of the fin, which resembles a sharp feather. By age, this group belongs to one of the earliest and has 420 million years.

One of the representatives of the group is the sea motley, or catfish. Also ray-finned perch, cod, pike perch and many others. The meat is rich in composition, including useful amino acids, protein, vitamins of almost all groups.

Garfish

Striped sea fish belongs to the garfish, which prefer southern, tropical, temperate and subtropical latitudes. Sizes can reach one and a half meters, for the most part they are predators. Food - small rocks and crustaceans.

A feature of the body of a striped fish is a flattened body with a jaw that resembles an elongated beak in appearance. The color is rich saturated, rich, there are representatives with a blue and green color, dark stripes. They can develop great speed, thanks to a special, elongated body shape.

All members of the group are edible, but are commonly used for local diets. The most famous are saury, tirozur, garfish.

Salmon

Also, don't forget the salmon. This group belongs to the oceanic, it is distinguished by the need to migrate over long distances for spawning. It is distinguished by meat that has a characteristic pink or red color. The taste is delicate, delicate, sometimes the aroma of fresh fish is also compared with a light watermelon.

The size can reach two meters, the appearance is well recognizable. Salmon are commercial, but fishing is limited, some are grown on special farms in conditions as close to natural as possible. Commercial interest is not only meat, but also caviar. The family includes trout, omul, salmon, chum salmon, coho and others.

Fatty varieties

The fatty variety is most often small marine fish or representatives reaching medium sizes.They differ in meat with a high fat content. Suitable for complete nutrition or diet, weight control. You can cook in different ways, often small fish is dried, s alted, dried.

Mackerels

Mackerel species are a pelagic family that lives in the middle part of the water column, that is, members of the family do not sink to the bottom. The group includes Pacific varieties, as well as those that prefer inland seas. The shape of the body is special, allowing you to quickly move if necessary. The group includes bonito, tuna, mackerel and others that prefer warm waters.

Codfish

Edible small marine fish related to cod is a family that includes more than a hundred representatives. Most often found in the cold waters of the Atlantic, northern latitudes. The only variety that prefers fresh water is burbot.They are distinguished by a well-developed caudal fin and two dorsal fins. They feed mainly on plankton, food large scraps. The group includes navaga, haddock, cod and others.

Herring

Herring varieties of marine fish are large and medium. Representatives of the family belong to useful breeds. A characteristic feature is the absence of scales in the head area. Herring - Pacific commercial species. They include sprat, herring, herring, sardine, anchovy and others. They live mainly in the northern latitudes, where a massive catch is carried out.

Flounders

Flounder is an edible marine fish with a round body. It is flat, the skin on the surface, instead of the traditional pronounced scales, is covered with hard growths imitating a rocky bottom. This is a kind of protection tool, because it is difficult to notice such a "disguise" .

In shape, it is a large, medium and small sea fish. Includes flounder, sole, turbot, halibut and other varieties. All members of the family are characterized by a body shape in the form of an oval or rhombus. They prefer to lead a bottom lifestyle, while some can be found at depth. Distributed in inland waters, the coastal zone of Eurasia.

Perchfish

What other fish are in the sea? Perch live not only in s alty, but also in fresh water, they are common in northern latitudes. Most in North America. Europe, Asia, an increased volume is observed in the waters of the Azov and Black Seas. They are distinguished by a two-component fin, teeth in several rows and cheeks densely covered with scales.

Dimensions depend on the specific breed, for example, pike perch can have a length of 70 cm and a weight of 4 kilograms. The back is dark green, characteristic stripes run along the sides. The reproduction rate is increased, which makes the breed commercial.

Sturgeons

What marine fish are sturgeons? In addition to the sterlet, it is an anadromous breed that can migrate to fresh water bodies. Differs in increased body size, in length can reach 4 meters. Prefers bottom layers. The main representatives are beluga, sterlet, sturgeon and others. Meat is considered he althy, black caviar is of interest.

White fish

White sea fish is one of the most common species. Some species are dietary, containing a reduced amount of fat. However, the amount of protein is increased and exceeds 20 g. In addition, these varieties are characterized by a high content of iron, phosphorus, zinc.

The group is divided into round and flat types. Flats include tilapia, halibut and flounder. To the round ones - saithe, burbot, pollock, hake and a number of others. In size, some specimens can reach two meters. But most are distinguished by a small or medium body length.

Commercial fishing is allowed by all countries. Whitefish prefer cold, s alty water and are often found in inland seas. The population recovers quickly, that is, such a group is a renewable, valuable food source. You can use herring, mackerel and other varieties in s alted, fried, baked, dried form.

All species of marine fish are distinguished by the richest composition, the presence of valuable substances and trace elements. In addition, sea fish has an amazing taste, it will be a good solution for a complete diet. It is easy to cook, dishes based on sea fish have a light, pleasant taste, combined with different products.

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