Holes appeared on the leaves of cucumbers: what to do, how to process

Every gardener who has decided to plant greenhouse cucumbers hopes for large shoots of an environmentally friendly product, but unfortunately, expectations do not always justify reality. The question: "why are the leaves of cucumbers in holes, spots or mold" worries every novice gardener. To understand this, it is worth studying in more detail various fungal diseases of cucumbers and methods for their treatment.

The greenhouse can meet all the necessary requirements, watering is done in a timely manner and in the right amount, the percentage of seed germination is normal, but the results still leave much to be desired.The greenhouse creates optimal conditions for the germination of not only horticultural crops, but also harmful microorganisms, bacterial flora and pests that expose plants to various diseases.

Phytodiseases are the main problem in growing greenhouse cucumbers. All kinds of infections cause maximum damage to cucumbers. In greenhouse conditions, there are approximately twenty species.

Greenhouse is an ideal environment for the development of pathogenic microflora and therefore it is important to know how to quickly and effectively eliminate the disease, without harm to plants.

The appearance of spots and holes on the leaves of seedlings

At the beginning of spring, gardeners transfer cucumber seedlings to greenhouse conditions, take care of them with increased attention. Important: seedlings of cucumber plants should be placed deep in the ground. Under favorable external temperature conditions and sunny weather, the culture begins to grow at an accelerated pace.However, small spots or holes may appear on cucumbers. Round holes are considered the most dangerous, as they are the result of parasitic fungi.

In industrial production, agronomists can accurately determine the type of disease by the appearance of holey leaves and prescribe the necessary drugs for treatment. However, it is not possible to perform laboratory testing of perforated leaf in a garden environment, so a different approach is used.

The bottom line is not to miss the moment when the disease has not yet passed into the terminal stage (a small number of spots) and immediately proceed to the active fight against the disease with the help of folk remedies.

Spraying a mixture of ash and lime on the leaves is effective enough. This treatment will neutralize the fungal microflora.

This effective tool will help with the initial stage of the disease. With a large number of holes on the leaf plate, leaves with small holes should be removed in order to avoid the subsequent spread of the disease.

How to plant cucumbers

Cucumber sowing begins on the twentieth of May, regardless of the place of sowing. This culture from the pumpkin family develops well in the heat, but requires increased attention. A gardener with many years of experience can immediately identify all the problems that have arisen. But what about novice gardeners?

As practice shows, during the first sunny days, gardeners make the first crops of cucumbers, and then they are surprised at the large percentage of dissimilarity of seeds. The reason lies in the night temperature. Crops made in early spring are covered with holes.

It is necessary to take measurements of the soil temperature, and also create a reliable shelter for the plant. If you have a desire to get early fruits, you should plant the culture in separate containers so that the root system is not disturbed during transplantation. Plants with damaged roots do not take root for a long time, more often get sick or die altogether.

Causes of defects on plant leaves

The appearance of spots and holes on the leaves is the most common problem in greenhouse cucumbers. The reason lies in the following: due to the closed conditions and high humidity, dew forms in the greenhouse, as a result, the leaves of the cucumbers are covered with dew. In the daytime, a lens effect is created in the drop and the sun's rays cause burns to the plant (this is how holes form).

Powdery mildew and downy mildew

Often, fungal diseases develop due to increased spores on the leaves of the plant. If a plaque appears on the cucumber in the form of small round spots, a number of measures are taken to treat powdery mildew. When the first holes appear on the leaf of the plant, they are dusted with ash and germinate. Powdery mildew is treated with a weak solution of colloidal sulfur or mullein in a proportion of 40 grams per 10 liters of water. This is the most effective remedy for the treatment of plants with holes in the leaves.

Important: in advanced cases, experts recommend using HOMOM.

At low night temperatures, holes may appear on the leaves of cucumbers, what to do in such cases any gardener should know. At the same time, the number of spots is constantly growing, and they change their color to dark brown. After that, a gray coating forms on the underside of the leaf and the plant dies. This disease is called downy mildew or downy mildew. To treat downy mildew, reduce watering and fertilizing the plant, ventilate the greenhouse and treat the leaves with a special milk solution.

Olive blotch

Olive blotch is a disease caused by parasitic fungi. The main symptom of this disease is the appearance of brown-yellow spots on the leaves, while watery dark spots appear on the fruits and the fetus is bent.

If the above symptoms appear on the cucumbers, then it is worth immediately starting the treatment of olive blotch. Cucumber leaf should be treated for olive blotch with regular airing and removing leaves in holes.

Grey Rot

This disease often appears in mid-July. Its main symptom is the appearance of mucus on the stems and petioles of the leaves.

The method of dealing with gray mold is quite simple:

It is necessary to prepare a special mixture consisting of chalk and potassium permanganate diluted in water;
Clean the affected area from accumulated mucus;
Treat the affected area with the mixture.

Causes of disease development

Cucumbers are more susceptible to disease in loamy and podzolic soils.Temperature also plays an important role. The range should be between 14 and 28 degrees Celsius. Deviations in one direction or another have negative consequences for the germination of greenhouse cucumbers. In turn, watering should be uniform, and the water for irrigation should not be too cold.

How to deal with holes

Industrial agro-complexes use various chemicals and special steaming technology as methods of combating diseases. However, these methods are not possible in a garden plot.

Advice from an experienced gardener: the number of infected plants in the greenhouse is significantly reduced with regular ventilation. It's just a myth that tropical plants require a special atmosphere and can't stand drafts.

For plants, only the draft that enters the bath atmosphere is dangerous. Do not allow the formation of bath air in the greenhouse.Let there be a light sunny breeze in the greenhouse. The sooner you ventilate the greenhouse, the better: this will save the plants from the effect of a draft and the appearance of fungi and rot.

First of all, it is necessary to open the upper doors of the greenhouse, then the doors, so that the ventilation occurs more evenly (from top to bottom). It is most effective to carry out this procedure in the morning, when the air is saturated with energy and freshness. The morning sun has always been considered the most effective helper of the harvest. In the morning at 7-8 o'clock the bees are already working with might and main.

That is why this is the right time to process the leaves with holes in plants and grow seedlings. With later care of the plant, there is a high probability of infection of cucumbers with various fungal diseases and a small harvest.

Preventive methods of struggle

Each day in the early morning, it is necessary to inspect greenhouses, check cucumber plants, treat wounds, remove mustaches. All damage (holes and spots on the cucumber leaf) is recommended to be treated with a mixture of water, chalk and potassium permanganate.

When does a cucumber germinate the fastest? In the evening, when the activity of the sun decreases, the greenhouse should be packed, tightly close all doors and window openings. Thus, warm air is kept in the greenhouse throughout the night (this is the optimal time for the germination of cucumbers).

At the end of August, night time lengthens and temperatures drop. That is why at this time, increased attention and care of plants is necessary, since it is during this period that rot and various fungal diseases can appear.