Why do tomatoes turn black when ripe and what to do

Everything is good when the tomatoes ripen together, the leaves are green and beautiful, and the tomatoes are red and appetizing, but this is not always the case. Why do tomatoes turn black? What kind of diseases they are overcome and how to deal with them, now we will find out. It happens that the green mass begins to turn black and wither, and the tomatoes gradually rot right on the bush. There are many reasons for this phenomenon.

Light blight

When the temperature is constantly changing outside or in the greenhouse, fogs appear or the leaves are watered - Late blight disease appears. This fungal infection is caused by the microorganism Oomycetes. A highly contagious infection, covering first the green mass, and then the fruits of tomatoes.

A gray coating appears on the bottom of the leaves, and from above they are covered with brown spots, which gradually spread throughout the leaf. It turns black and falls.

Spots also appear on the tomatoes, gradually covering all the fruits, the tomatoes turn black. The flesh rots and the vegetables become unfit for consumption. The development of the infection continues on tomatoes taken from the infected bush and left to ripen. At the same time, one diseased fruit will infect all he althy tomatoes that ripen with it in the greenhouse. What to do with blackening crops?

You need to ruthlessly dispose of such fruits, even if they have one small speck on them.

Treatment

It is possible and necessary to prevent and stop the growth of the disease. First of all, you need to do the following: remove all infected areas of leaves and fruits, otherwise the disease will continue to spread.You will need saline or Bordeaux solution. They are sprayed with crops that have not yet become diseased, these mixtures are not absorbed into the fruits, therefore they are safe for humans.

Also gardeners use a folk recipe - before the expected onset of unstable weather or fogs, 1 liter of whey or kefir is diluted in 10 liters of water and all the bushes are sprayed from above and below with this solution. This mixture prevents the growth of bacteria on the bushes. The procedure is carried out once a week in the greenhouse and after heavy rains in the garden.

Disease prevention

What to do to prevent disease in tomatoes? Gardeners use the following crop care methods.

Choosing the right landing spot.
Staging.
Thinning.
Irrigation under the root.
Removing bottom leaves in contact with the ground.
Spraying with saline or whey solution.

Prevention from this disease is started before planting, so that the tomatoes do not turn black, the place is chosen away from potatoes, peppers and eggplants - they are also susceptible to infection. In one place, tomatoes can be grown for no more than 3 years. The soil is completely changing in the greenhouse.

When planting, you can not water the leaves - from a couple of drops of moisture, Phytophthora will spread. Densely planted tomato bushes in a chain will transmit the disease to each other, it is advisable to plant them at a distance of 60 centimeters from each other. Leaves lying on the ground will become infected from wet soil and an epidemic will begin, so all the lower leaves and stepchildren are removed, and the bush is tied up.

When frost occurs, the likelihood of disease increases, so you need to play it safe and start watering with the recommended solutions.

If, however, infection has occurred, you must immediately remove all infected parts of the plant, this will save the remaining crop. The infection spreads quickly, within 2 weeks there will be no trace of the desired crop.

Top rot

This disease will turn green tomatoes black. The disease appears in hot, dry weather, when there is not enough moisture in the ground for growth and they give off some of the moisture into the air - the fruits dry out, gray spots appear, which eventually spread throughout the fruit, attracting pathogenic microorganisms and fungi. As a result, the fruits begin to rot.

First, the top of the tomato turns gray, then the tissue hardens and darkens, the final stage of the development of the disease is rotting of the fetus.

Disease prevention measures

You need to constantly water the plants so that they have enough moisture for growth.After fertilizing the soil, be sure to spill it with water so as not to burn the roots. Also, tomatoes darken due to an excess of soil acidity, lime, chalk, and wood ash introduced into the ground will help correct the situation.

Grey Rot

This is a fungal disease that often appears in humid and rainy climates, while the air temperature is high. These are excellent conditions for the appearance of a gray fungus on leaves and fruits. The disease affects not only tomatoes, but also other crops and flowers.

Infected fruits are easily recognizable by dark dots, they grow rapidly and affect the entire fruit. Tomatoes become blackened, soft and watery. Such fruits are unsuitable for food, therefore, at the first signs of infection, it is necessary to treat the plants with a Barrier-type fungicide.

Prevention measures

In July the weather becomes changeable, the nights get colder and the days are hot.During this period, the likelihood of plant disease is highest, so experienced gardeners treat with protective preparations - fungicides. If a tomato is damaged during the ripening period, it is necessary to remove the infected parts of the plant, process he althy bushes and soil.

Stem necrosis

The most severe infection affecting tomato stalks. The disease manifests itself during the appearance of the ovaries, the stem cracks from below, gradually starting to blacken, fibers similar to roots appear from the cracks. The disease is difficult to treat, so the plant is removed from the garden with the root and burned. The earth is shed with Fitolavin solution.

Dry spotting

The disease is caused by the fungus Microsporosis, the disease manifests itself from the bottom up, covering first the leaves, then the trunks and tomatoes. When wet, velvety rot spots appear, which contribute to the spread of fungus.

Prevention

Gardeners use one proven method. As you know, Microsporosis is afraid of copper-containing preparations, so the craftsmen pierce the stems of plants with copper wire from below, which releases copper ions into the water that moisturizes the plant. Thus, it is protected from the fungus. Plants are also treated with preparations containing copper.

So, we found out why tomatoes turn black. If you properly care for the plants, do not overmoisten or dry out the soil, create favorable conditions in the greenhouse, start treatment at the first sign of disease, then the harvest will delight gardeners with its abundance.