Onion seeds (nigella): growing and harvesting in one season with video

Beginner vegetable growers do not know that onion seeds of the desired variety can be grown on their site. A he althy and unpretentious vegetable does not require much attention and effort. It is grown in both biennial and annual crops. Using a number of simple agricultural practices, it is possible to grow not only seedlings for planting in 1 season - black onion is able to give a full harvest by the end of summer.

Black onion: planting

Growing onions from seeds in 1 season is becoming increasingly popular. This is a fast and cost effective way.The Strigunovsky variety, which is distinguished by its rounded shape and yellow scales, depending on the method of growing from seeds, can be used to obtain a full-fledged onion crop, as well as for growing sets.

There are many varieties of annual onions:

spicy: Chalcedony, Lighthouse, Globe, Lugansk;
peninsular: Rossa de Ferenze, Amphora;
sweet salad: Russian size, Exhibition and others.

You can get seeds for planting yourself by planting uterine bulbs in your area.

Preparing the beds

Beds for sowing black onions in open ground should be prepared in the fall. The earth is dug up, carefully removing the roots of weeds. If this is not done, then in the spring weed grass will drown out fragile shoots.Weeding the beds at the beginning of the growing season is difficult, as most of the seedlings can be removed along with the weeds.

Onion prefers loose fertile soils, therefore, during digging, it is necessary to add humus or peat to the ground at the rate of half a bucket per 1 m². It is impossible to use fresh manure instead of humus, as young shoots will get burned, get sick or die immediately. On dense, heavy soils, it is desirable to add sand.

Ridge ribbons should be marked on the prepared site. It is most convenient to make them 1 m wide. Carefully level the soil with a rake, breaking up lumps. Cut shallow furrows with row spacings of at least 20 cm. In order for a burning vegetable to please with a high yield, you need to grow it following a number of rules.

Sowing

Sow nigella in early spring, when there is still enough moisture in the soil. Seeds have time to hatch and grow before the start of the dry period.It is advisable to start sowing in the February and March thaws so that the onion heads have time to form. A bulb grown in an annual crop from seeds weighs approximately 80-120 g.

Before sowing, you can mix nigella with crushed chalk - this technique makes work easier and reduces the consumption of planting material. To facilitate the care of seedlings, every 10-15 cm you need to throw a seed of a beacon crop (for example, radish, lettuce) into the furrow. They will rise much earlier than the bow and mark the rows.

After planting, the furrows are covered with a small layer of moist soil (1.5-2 cm), compacted and mulched. The question of when to plant nigella, vegetable growers decide in different ways. Many successfully use winter crops. Nigella seeds are not afraid of the cold, and with the advent of the first warmth, they grow together.

Niger onion: cultivation

Growing onions from seeds during the summer without seedlings is not difficult. The correct selection of zoned annual varieties and competent agricultural technology will allow you to get a large harvest of he althy vegetables by autumn.

The specificity of cultivation lies in winter or early spring sowing and the use of seedlings in the northern regions.

In order for an annual onion to be well stored, it is necessary to dig it out only after lodging and yellowing of the feather, making sure that the neck of the vegetable is completely dry. After harvesting, dry the onion thoroughly in the sun.

Growing annual varieties of black onion

Beginner vegetable growers do not always manage to grow a good crop of black onion in 1 season. The main mistake is the wrong choice of variety. Only annual varieties and hybrids are suitable, such as Lugansky, Annual Siberian, Karatalsky, Albion F1, Daytona F1 and others.

Using special agricultural techniques, it is possible to get a full-fledged head of onion from a grain in just 1 season, which is much more profitable than growing onions in a two-year-old crop. Annual varieties are suitable not only for autumn-summer use, as they are not bad and are stored in winter. When the nigella is removed from the garden, they carefully watch so that the neck of the plant is completely dry. Only in this case can the onion be considered suitable for winter storage.

Black onion seedlings

In the northern regions, the nigella does not have time to go through all the stages of development in a short summer period. Even proven annual varieties do not always show excellent maturation in adverse conditions. In such cases, they resort to growing through seedlings.

You can sow seeds from mid-February. Boxes (12 cm high) are filled with a mixture of soddy soil and humus or use ready-made mixture for seedlings.

Before sowing, containers with the mixture are disinfected. You can pour them with boiling water from a watering can or take them out in the cold for 2-3 days. Even if you collected onion seeds yourself, you need to disinfect them in a solution of manganese or ash. After treatment, seeds can be soaked in warm water until sprouts appear, or planted immediately in moist soil.

Close up the nigella by 1-1.5 cm. The soil is slightly compacted and mulched. For rapid germination, containers are covered with a film, which is removed when shoots appear. From mid-April, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. Before planting, the roots and stems must be shortened so that the finished seedlings are no longer than 15-20 cm. The distance between plants in a row should be 7-10 cm. Planting and care in open ground are carried out according to the usual pattern.

Seedless growing method

If you know how to properly grow onions, you can grow a full-fledged crop in 130 days (vegetation period of annual varieties). It is necessary to sow seeds in open ground during the February and March thaws. An even more reliable and easy way is winter sowing.

The beds are prepared in October, furrows are cut and waiting for the first frosts. Nigella seeds are sown in frozen soil and sprinkled with soil or humus. Vegetation begins at the end of March. In moist soil, onions will give quick and friendly shoots. Care consists in regular weeding, thinning and watering plants. If you allow the plantings to thicken, then you can get a small set instead of a full-fledged head.

Niger onion: getting seeds from your own material

You can grow high-quality seeds yourself. To do this, in the spring, large beautiful bulbs of the variety you like are selected, disinfected in a solution of manganese and soaked for a day in warm water. Then they are laid for germination at a temperature of +10 … +15 ° С.

The uterine bulbs are planted in the garden in the same way as onions on a feather, only the distance between the heads should be at least 15 cm. The neck of the bulb is located above ground level. The bulb expels a powerful stalk, at the top of which a large hat with seed pods is formed. By the end of summer, the seeds ripen, and the film on the boxes begins to crack.

To prevent seeds from spilling onto the ground, it is necessary to cut the stems with heads and lay them for ripening in a dry, ventilated room. When the heads are dry, they must be thoroughly kneaded in your hands to remove the ripened seeds. Store nigella in a dark, dry and cool place.

Caring for uterine bulbs consists in timely watering and the fight against diseases and pests. For preventive purposes, disease-resistant varieties should be selected, and onions should not be grown for more than 2 years in one place.Next to the onion, it is necessary to plant dill, carrots, marigolds, which repel the onion fly and other pests with their smell.

When to clean the garden?

Harvesting begins in mid or late August. The signal to start harvesting is the lodging and yellowing of the tops. Before you start harvesting, you need to make sure that the neck of the plant is well dried. It is advisable to harvest on a clear sunny day so that the bulbs can be dried in the sun.