Pests and diseases of peas: description and treatment, measures to combat them

Growing peas is done by many gardeners who like to grow various vegetables on their plots. If, when growing this plant, all agrotechnical rules are not observed, then pests and diseases of peas will certainly appear, which can lead to the death of the bushes. Therefore, before you start planting this plant, you should familiarize yourself with the main pests and the features of their elimination.

Pests

Most often, vegetable growers are concerned about pea pests that prevent bushes from growing and developing normally. If insects are not detected on the seedlings in a timely manner, then the seedlings will gradually die and it will not be possible to harvest from them.Therefore, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the most common pests and their control measures in advance in order to timely identify harmful insects on the bushes and get rid of them.

Pea aphid

Pea plants often suffer from aphids, which quickly spread to most bushes on the site. It is quite simple to identify this insect, since the pea aphid is considered the largest pest. Its dimensions are about 5 mm, and the wingspan is 10-12 mm.

Harmful insects seriously damage plants, especially in dry weather. They feed on pea juice and leave small wounds on the surface of the leaves, in which fungal diseases gradually develop. Often aphids attack peas during the budding period, causing the plant to weaken.

To get rid of the pest, all bushes are treated with special means. To combat aphids, drugs such as Fastak or Iskra are used.

Pea weevil

Cernovka or bruhus is found on peas quite often. This insect is widespread in most countries. However, plants growing in America, Africa, Asia and Europe most often suffer from the effects of this pest. In our country, the grain appears on the bushes only during a severe drought and in the complete absence of rain.

Peas suffer from caryopsis at the time of flowering seedlings. The pest enters the flowers of the plant and feeds on its pollen. It is necessary to fight the insect immediately, as it spreads to all pea bushes within 5-6 days. To quickly get rid of pests on seedlings, you will have to treat them with a solution of table s alt.

Pea codling moth

This insect often appears on pea bushes and feeds on its leaves. The insect is quite large, since its wingspan is 15 mm.When it hits the plants, the female lays eggs on the leaves. The eggs laid on the leaves are oval in shape and about 1 mm long. Over time, light yellow caterpillars appear from the eggs, which grow up to 10 mm in length. If you do not get rid of insects in a timely manner, the delayed larvae completely eat away all the leaves.

When fighting a pest, mineral and organic fertilizers are added to the soil to make the plant stronger. Spraying is also carried out with a preparation made from tobacco, ash and celandine.

Nodule weevils

Nodule weevils often appear on legumes to feed on their leaves. They infect plants in the first days of spring to recover from hungry winter days. To identify this pest, you will have to pay attention to the condition of the bushes. After the appearance of the insect, gnawed areas appear on the leaves of the plant.On the first day, there will not be many such sites. However, over time, the leaves will begin to disappear completely, since the weevil is able to eat 1-2 cm of the leaf per day.

It is recommended to get rid of the weevil pest immediately after its appearance. To do this, all pea bushes are treated with ash, tobacco dust and other deterrents.

Colorado potato beetle

Another pest that damages many different plants is the Colorado potato beetle. It is very easy to notice this beetle on the bushes, as it has a bright yolk color that stands out against the background of green leaves. When they hit the bushes, adults lay eggs, which begin to feed on leaves. When eggs are found on the leaves, you should immediately get rid of them and treat the bushes with pesticides.

Umbrella leaflet

The psyllid is a small yellow insect that often appears on pea bushes. Such pests immediately penetrate the leaf tissues and feed on them. Because of this, the leaves stop growing, gradually deform and dry out.

If you don't get rid of the psyllid, the bushes will dry out and stop growing too. Therefore, after the appearance of an insect, it is recommended to immediately treat the bushes with ash or celandine.

Pea Owl

Not only peas, but many other plants suffer from the pea armyworm. This butterfly is distinguished by its size, which reaches about 30-35 mm with a wingspan. When they hit plants, adults lay larvae on leaves that feed on pea juice.

Biopreparations and insecticides are used to control insects, which will quickly clear the seedlings of pests.

Diseases

In addition to pests, there are also diseases of peas, which often lead to the death of bushes. There are many dangerous diseases that you should become more familiar with before planting and growing legumes.

Ascochitosis

Often, pea plants suffer from dark-spotted or pale-spotted ascochitosis. To identify the presence of this disease is quite simple, since it has pronounced signs. When the disease appears, all leaves appear yellowish in color, which eventually becomes dark gray. In the absence of measures to combat ascochitosis, all pea leaves will dry out and cease to function.

To get rid of the disease, the affected plants will have to be periodically treated with a solution of bleach.

Rust

Pea rust is a common problem faced by all legume growers.Plants often suffer from this disease during the budding period, when flowers begin to bloom on the bushes. Also, the development of the disease contributes to increased humidity and therefore it often appears with heavy rainfall. In drought conditions, pathogens do not develop.

Stalks affected by rust should be burned to prevent the disease from spreading to he althy bushes.

Peronosporosis

In the spring, legumes often suffer from downy mildew. When the disease appears, almost all organs of the bushes are affected. However, the leaves suffer the most, on which spots of yellowish color appear. If the disease appears during the period of fruit ripening, then damage to the bean flaps develops. White spots and spores of peronosporosis pathogens appear on them.

Peronosporosis of peas is treated with a sulfuric solution prepared from one hundred grams of the substance and ten liters of water. The bushes are treated with the prepared remedy three times a month.

Anthracnose

Anthracnose pea is considered a dangerous disease that often leads to the death of bushes. The disease affects all ground parts of seedlings and therefore everyone can detect signs of anthracnose. The leaves are covered with brown and gray spots of various shapes. In the central part of the spots, reddish pads with fungal spores appear.

It is impossible to cure a plant from anthracnose and therefore all affected bushes are burned to prevent the spread of the disease.

Fusariosis

Fusariosis of peas often affects bushes if they are not grown according to agrotechnical rules. When the disease appears, root rot appears, due to which the bushes gradually die. Fusarium pea blight is also accompanied by wilting of the leaves. At first, the affected leaves simply turn yellow, but over time they dry out and completely fall off the plants.

To protect peas from Fusarium root rot, it is recommended to regularly clean the garden of plant residues and observe the correct crop rotation.

Powdery mildew

The most common fungal disease is considered powdery mildew on peas, which often destroys the entire crop. When the disease appears, the stipules and leaves of the bushes are affected. Over time, powdery mildew on peas reaches the peas, on the surface of which a grayish white coating appears.

In order not to encounter this disease, it is recommended to plant varieties of peas with resistance to powdery mildew pathogens in the garden.

Rot

Mushrooms from the genus Fusarium often cause gray or white rot on pea bushes. The disease spreads to the root neck and roots of plants, because of which they rot and gradually die off.Sometimes the rot also spreads to the ground leaves of the bushes. In this case, a white or pinkish coating appears on them.

It is better to get rid of the affected plants immediately, before the rot begins to spread to the nearest he althy bushes.

Seed protection

So that the plant does not suffer from diseases or pests in the future, you should start processing the seed in advance.

To protect the seeds, experienced vegetable growers recommend seed dressing, which consists in treating them with special pesticides. This is one of the most effective methods of protecting plants from most harmful insects and diseases. Pesticides will clear the seeds of internal and external infections that can become more active after planting.

Most growers prefer dry dressing as it is the easiest. In this case, before processing, all seed material is dried in advance. The disadvantages of dry dressing include uneven application of pesticides to the surface of seeds.

Protection of peas

The main method of protecting pea bushes from diseases and dangerous insects is to comply with all the rules of agricultural technology when growing a plant. The main agrotechnical methods include the system of tillage, crop rotation, cleaning the site from weeds, watering the plants and timely harvesting. Therefore, when growing legumes, you must:

• Grow pea seedlings in gardens cleared of weeds and other plant debris.
• Timely add organic or mineral fertilizers to the soil, which will increase resistance to fungal diseases and pests.
• Properly care for the soil in the garden. In this case, the gardener should harrow the site in the spring and dig it up. This will enrich the soil with air and useful trace elements.
• Plant only high-yielding varieties with resistance to most common diseases.

Conclusion

Most gardeners experience pests and diseases when growing legumes. In order to get rid of them in a timely manner, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the features of their manifestation and ways to eliminate them.

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