Apples rot right on the tree: what to do and how to process, control measures

Sometimes suddenly rotten fruits are found among red and bulk apples. Many gardeners are concerned about what to do if the apples are rotting right on the tree. Finding the means to help keep the crop from spoiling is easy.

Main causes of rot

Fungal diseases are considered to be the cause of apple rot. In addition to fruits, they damage leaves and young shoots. Basically, the disease spreads on trees whose fruits have seeds and seeds. The spores of the fungus are carried by the wind from one tree to another, exposing it to fruit rot.

Signs and characteristics of apple rot

Fruit rot is unmistakable when apples become covered with brown spots that eventually spread throughout the fruit. The signs of rot are the following changes:

• fruits do not grow, are damaged by worms;
• the quality of the pulp of the fruit changes: it loses elasticity;
• brown spots form on apples;
• blackened formation begins to increase in size, gradually occupies almost the entire surface of the fetus;
• on the surface where the apple rots, gray conidia form; then it completely rots while on the branch, infecting closely growing fruit trees;
• a large number of ripe fruits, due to this there is an increase in affected apples.

It has been observed that rotten fruits on apple trees are most common in summer varieties. The fungus is very difficult to kill because it tolerates frost well, and in the spring it will begin to spread to other fruit trees again, damaging young shoots.

Another reason for the active origin and spread of the fungus is too dense planting of trees. Even if you fight, the treatment will only last for one year if there is a neighbor's garden nearby who does not cultivate his apple trees.

Moniliosis

The disease of fruit trees moniliosis is caused by fungi, as a result of which apples rot from the inside. Most often occurs when a cold and rainy spring comes. Spores, falling on apple trees, have a detrimental effect on them. The biggest blow comes during flowering.

Microorganisms of the fungus penetrate the trees through the bark. After a two-week incubation period, the flowers turn brown and gradually begin to dry out. Whitish, sometimes gray pustules appear on the pedicels and leaves, where the spores of the fungus are located.

They most often begin to be carried by the wind, hitting all new trees. When the spores of the fungus get on the apple, the fruit becomes soft, changes color from green to brown, has an alcohol smell.

Fruits infected with a fungus fall, but may sag before winter. Favorable conditions for the development of the disease are high humidity and temperatures above +15 ° С.

Chlorosis

When the supply of nutrients to apple trees is disturbed, the disease chlorosis develops. It is recognized by the changed color of the leaves.They become pale, may turn yellow, dark rotten spots of various sizes form on them. At the same time, the veins of the leaves remain the same saturated green color. It is believed that apple trees lack iron, but not in all cases:

1. When yellow leaves form at the top of the shoots, this is an indicator of iron deficiency.
2. Pale leaves at the bottom of the branches indicate insufficient nitrogen content.
3. If the leaves turn pale in the center of the shoots, this indicates that they have not received enough potassium.
4. When the leaves are spotted, it means that there is not enough manganese and magnesium.

It is only possible to find out the cause of the disease correctly when it has just begun to manifest itself, after which it will be useless. The fruits will rot inside.

Scab

Scab refers to fungal diseases. It begins to show its activity during rainy and damp weather with frequent fogs. As soon as spring comes, the spores of the fungus penetrate the bark and young shoots inside the apple tree. Begin to spread throughout the tree.

The disease affects the yield, and can also kill young trees. Scab is easily recognized. At first, yellow spots begin to appear on the leaves, gradually they turn brown, then turn black, leaving cracks.

First, young leaves at the ends of branches fall ill. The disease gradually passes to apples. First, small spots and cracks appear, gradually they, merging with each other, occupy the area of the entire fruit.

Old and young apple trees are at risk. Especially if they are densely planted, the weather is damp and rainy. The fungus is well preserved in winter in fallen dry leaves. In the spring, when examining foliage, if there are dark tubercles on them, it means that there are spores of the fungus that begin to ripen and are carried by the wind throughout the garden. Infected trees look diseased and may freeze in extreme cold in winter.

Flycat

The fly-catcher disease occurs due to the introduction of fungus spores into the fruits of apple trees. When examining the fetus, you can see that it is covered with small dots that resemble fly excrement. But it's easy to recognize because these dots don't get erased no matter how hard you try.

Black dots are considered the reproductive organs of the fungus, spores mature in them. As soon as their ripening ends, they begin to scatter around the garden with the help of the wind, infecting new trees and fruits. These fungi are especially active when damp, rainy weather sets in, fog is frequent, and dew falls in the morning. Especially infection occurs quickly with dense plantings, where due to poor ventilation high humidity is kept.

This fungus is safe for humans, so there is no possibility of infection. You can eat apples with black dots, these fruits are well stored, the only thing is that their presentation is lost.

Ways to fight diseases

There are many ways to deal with fruit rot. Control and treatment measures include:

• carrying out preventive measures;
• digging the soil and processing it with copper sulphate;
• fertilization;
• treatment of trees with special chemicals;
• compliance with the rules for planting seedlings.

When the first signs appear on the trees, they must be treated.

What to do with rotten fruit

As soon as there are signs of decay of the fruit tree, as well as completely rotten apples, it is imperative to get rid of them. Remove them from the apple tree, otherwise other fruits will become infected.

Prevention measures

It is easier to prevent the development of a disease than to treat it later. To prevent the further development of fungal diseases and the formation of rot on fruit trees, it is recommended:

1. From autumn, remove all fallen leaves and burn, cut off damaged branches.
2. In early spring, treat the trunks of apple trees with lime with the addition of a fungicide.
3. When planting, keep the distance between the seedlings so that there is no thickening. It is necessary that air circulates well between the trees.
4. Do not injure trees. If this happens, then the wounds must be immediately treated with garden pitch, as they are the entrance gate for fungi.
5. When pruning diseased branches, cut off some he althy tissue.
6. On the apple tree, remove all the fruits, they should not be left to winter on the branches.
7. Spray apple trees to keep pests away.
8. In the fall, be sure to dig the soil around the apple trunks. It is advisable to fertilize during the autumn digging.
9. Before pruning the branches of apple trees, treat the tools with an antiseptic.

It is advisable to plant trees that are resistant to fungal diseases and various pests.

Sprinkling with specialized products

For the prevention of various diseases, it is recommended to spray apple trees using chemical protection products. First, trees are processed before flowering apple trees.

The following drugs are used as remedies:

• Mikosan-V;
• "Chorus";
• Bordeaux blend;
• Meters;
• colloidal sulfur;
• Strobe;
• Abiga Peak;
• Agricola;
• Ferovit;
• Raek;
• "Vectra";
• "Fludioxonil";
• "Phytoflavin".

The following treatment is carried out immediately after the flowering of apple trees with the same means. Then again in July. After harvesting, it is advisable to spray the trees again with Bordeaux liquid, as it contains copper.

Selection of disease-resistant varieties

No fruit trees are completely resistant to fungal diseases. There are varieties that are much less likely to be infected with moniliosis.

Such varieties are:

• Mutsu;
• Jonathan;
• Idared;
• Ontario;
• Freiberg;
• Welsey.

Apple varieties with strong immunity against chlorosis:

• Andryushka;
• Day;
• Currency;
• Dialogue;
• Vasyugan;
• Moscow necklace.

Apple varieties that resist scab:

• Lungwort;
• Delight;
• Orlinka;
• Asterisk;
• Moscow winter;
• Saffron Pepin;
• Margot;
• Orpheus.

The following apple varieties are most protected from the flycatcher:

• Manchurian;
• Blood red;
• Siebold;
• Flowering profusely;
• Purple Aldenham.

Proper tree planting

To protect trees from fungal diseases and pests, you need to know the rules for planting apple trees. Important:

1. Select pickup time. Early spring and mid-autumn are considered the best.
2. Respect the distance between the seedlings, which should have been at least 3 meters, ideally - 5.
3. Acquire trees with a closed clod of earth. Then the apple trees are not injured, only the packaging is removed. The seedling is planted directly with the ground.
4. Prepare a pit in advance: that is, for autumn planting they dig in the spring, for spring planting - from autumn to fertilize. It is dug in a sunny area. Taking into account the passage of groundwater, at least 2 meters.
5. The soil should be fertile, loose, slightly acidic.

Compliance with the rules of planting, knowledge of common diseases and measures to combat them will allow you to get a he althy harvest of apples.

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