Varieties of sweet cherries for the Moscow region: self-fertile and columnar, planting and care

Berries grown on the site, this is confidence in their absolute benefits. The difficulty is only the correct selection of the species. What kind of cherry is suitable for the Moscow region. What characteristics of the variety must be taken into account to obtain the declared yield. These questions are asked by summer residents who decide to plant cherries.

Climatic conditions of the area

Climate features of the Moscow region do not provide for the cultivation of fruit trees. But thanks to the work of breeders, species acclimatized to the area appear.

Climatic features of the region:

• Big difference between winter and summer temperatures.
• Decrease in temperature in winter, reaching -35 ⁰С.
• Little snow winter.
• Contrast of weather, sharp change of heat to coolness.

Currently, there are many varieties that are adapted to such conditions. Trees are able to withstand even the harshest weather.

Variety requirements

For the successful cultivation of trees in the garden of the Moscow region, you need to take into account some subtleties in choosing a species.

External parameters

You should not grow trees that have some external parameters. Tall cherry freezes. Fruit buds are especially at risk, the death of which will lead to crop loss.

A columnar cherry is suitable, the size of an adult plant is small, and the yield does not decrease from this. In addition, summer residents of the Moscow region are trying to pick up low-growing varieties. They also won't freeze in winter.

Frost resistance

Because cherries are grown outdoors, no single variety can be expected to survive the severe drop in winter temperatures. Breeders working on breeding acclimatized varieties pay special attention to the degree of frost resistance of a tree.

They are trying to create winter-hardy species that will easily endure the Moscow region winter. But for reliability, summer residents still cover the trees for the cold season.

Self-pollination

There are very few self-fertile types of cherries, but they still exist. Dramatically changing weather in the Moscow region in the spring often opposes the successful work of insects. Self-fertile cherries give a stable harvest, regardless of the vagaries of nature.

Immunity to diseases and pests

The higher the plant's field he alth, the more popular it is. It is advisable to select varieties that are resistant to coccomycosis, moniliosis and other fungal diseases. This is due to the fact that the climate of the Moscow region is humid, and therefore plants suffer from these diseases.

Best varieties for this region

Choose a variety of cherries that meets all of the above requirements. Breeders have bred such varieties that, in a changeable climate, are able to produce the declared yield.

Revna

Relatively low trees form a crown that, with proper care, does not block the sunlight. It forms ovaries well, the fruits have an excellent sweet taste. The maximum weight of the berry is 8 g. It is not difficult to separate the stone, which plays an important role for those who grow cherries for processing.

With annual pruning and proper formation of a fruit tree, it gives the first harvest in the 4-5th year. Berries are almost black. Tasters rate the taste at 4.9 points.

The characteristics of the variety include high disease resistance and frost resistance. Fruit buds withstand a slight and short spring temperature drop. Does not require special personal care.

Folk Syubarova

Very tall and powerful tree. The size of an adult plant reaches 6 m. The branches help to resist even in strong winds, they perfectly withstand a large amount of snow on the branches. The fruits are sweet in taste, large, red in color. One berry weighs 6 g. Subject to the requirements of agricultural technology, up to 55 kg of berries are harvested from one tree.

Fruiting occurs in the 4th year after planting the seedling. Cherry belongs to self-pollinating varieties, so it does not need pollinators. Every year bears fruit, there are no breaks.

The tree is winter-hardy, resists coccomycosis. Not resistant to drought, so requires regular watering.

And the path

The height of the tree reaches 3.5 m. Fruiting begins at 4-5 years of age of the seedling. The hue of the fruit is almost black. With proper care, the weight of 1 berry reaches 9 g. Tasters rate the taste at 4.5 points. The disadvantage of the variety is that it is difficult to separate the bone from the pulp. The yield of an adult tree is 50 kg.

Tree resistant to:

• frost;
• drought;
• diseases;
• wind.

Whole cherries carefully removed from the tree are perfectly transported without losing their marketable appearance. To increase yields, planting in close proximity to pollinating varieties is required.

Student

The vitamin composition of fruits satisfies almost half of a person's daily needs. The tree grows up to 3 m, is partially self-fertile. Therefore, in the absence of pollinators, the crop is still formed.

A variety of early ripening, resists the most severe frosts down to -45 ⁰С. The yield of an adult plant is 30 kg per tree. The weight of fruits of dark red color reaches 7 g. The stone is easily separated from the pulp.

To extend the shelf life of the berries, it is recommended to collect them together with the stalks.

Many summer residents grow a variety for fresh consumption, but the fruits are also suitable for processing.

Breeders guarantee resistance to fungal diseases. But if there are other stone fruits in the garden, it is recommended to carry out preventive treatment.

Homestead Yellow

The fruits of this cherry are yellow, this is clear from the name of the variety. The benefit of this color of the berry is that it is less pecked by birds.

The taste is excellent, sweet with sourness. A rare summer resident uses cherries for processing, as they have a dessert purpose. That is, it is used only fresh.

The first fruits grow in the 6th year after planting the seedling. The yield of an adult plant reaches 25-30 kg per tree.

Both the tree and fruit buds are frost resistant. A plant of early ripening, so it is not afraid of pest attacks.

Valery Chkalov

This cherry variety was bred in 1970, but despite this, to this day it is in demand among summer residents. The tree is low, which greatly facilitates the work of harvesting.

Weighs 1 berry 8 g, the stone is poorly separated from the pulp. This significantly complicates its processing. The main purpose of the fruit is dessert, but this does not prevent housewives from using it for making jams, jams, pastries and other culinary delights.

The yield is 20-25 kg of berries from one tree. Compliance with all planting standards, subtleties of care allows you to increase the number of fruits. The tree is resistant to frost, perfectly tolerates winters near Moscow.

Pollinators planted in close proximity will help to significantly increase the volume of the crop. The variety is resistant to diseases, so timely preventive treatment is required.

Chermashnaya

Yellow-fruited sweet cherry is resistant to berry cracking during prolonged rains. Trees of this variety are less capricious and unpretentious in care.

These are not dwarf trees, Black cherry grows up to 5 m. Fruit weight reaches 4.5 g. Taste characteristics are excellent. The berry is sweet, almost without sourness. According to tasters, the fruits received 4.4 points.

Begins to bear fruit for the first time in the 5th year after planting in a permanent place. The yield from 1 tree is 12 kg.

Winter hardiness fully meets the requirements of the climatic conditions of the Moscow region. Sweet cherries are resistant to coccomycosis, moniliosis.

Rules for planting and caring for cherries

Each culture has certain growing characteristics, given which the gardener copes with any difficulties when planting. Particular attention deserves the choice of location, the subtleties of planting a seedling, the right choice of time.

Don't forget about feeding the growing tree. Mulching will help keep moisture in the soil longer. And loosening after each watering will provide oxygen to the roots.

Planting seedlings

The best time for planting cherries in the Moscow Region is spring. During the season, the plant will get stronger and winter well. A place is chosen for landing, preferably a well-lit area, protected from wind and draft. In the spring, before the buds appear, the plant is planted in the ground. In the summer it is looked after and prepared for the winter.

The tree planting scheme depends on the variety, tall species are planted at a distance of 3-3.5 m from each other, dwarf, columnar and undersized sweet cherries are planted at a distance of 2-2.5 m.

Cherry is a very delicate plant, it requires special care and all the necessary care techniques.

Holes for planting are prepared in advance, preferably in the fall. Backfill soil is mixed with humus and complex mineral fertilizers.

Fertilizer and watering

Water the plant regularly, presumably 2 times a month. If the weather is hot, then the amount of watering is increased, irrigating the near-stem circle every 9-10 days.

Fertilizers for sweet cherries are needed in the spring for the growth and formation of fruits, use nitrogen fertilizers and urea. In autumn, to improve winter hardiness and plant nutrition, humus is introduced before wintering.

Cutting and shaping

Crown formation is a mandatory process for all fruit trees, it helps to increase yield, resistance to diseases and pests.

Cherries are formed every spring and autumn, the cut parts of the plant are used for grafting. But only if the characteristics of the plant satisfy the gardener, and he wants to propagate the variety on the site. Then the branches are fixed on the rootstock and a new full-fledged tree is grown, yielding a crop.

Pruning can also be sanitary, it is carried out at any time, deformed, dried and diseased parts of plants are removed.

Processing

Preserve and increase the yield will help the treatment of plants from pests and diseases. Even if the variety is immune to diseases, preventive measures will not interfere. If you treat cherries with chemicals correctly and in a timely manner, they will fight pathogens.

Trees are treated in autumn to improve winter hardiness. Feeding with complex mineral fertilizers will help replenish the supply of nutrients and endure the harsh winters of the Moscow region. Gardeners recommend treating cherries with Bordeaux liquid.

Cultivation of sweet cherries in the climatic features of the Moscow region is quite possible. A novice summer resident, as well as an experienced gardener, can do this without any effort. It is important to choose a variety and carry out competent care.

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