Aphids on the drain: how to process and how to deal with chemical and folk remedies

Plum breeding has led to the fact that it is grown in all regions with both arid and cold climates. Tree care is simple, but pests can ruin crop plantations. It is necessary to deal with them, especially with aphids on the drain, regularly. Colonies of the parasite lead to a decrease in the fruiting of the plant, stopping its development.

What aphid infects a plum

There are many types of aphids, but stone fruits are affected by the plum variety of the pest. A white specimen parasitizing on horticultural crops is called pollinated.During the summer, it gives several generations of insects. Aphid eggs remain viable by hiding in cracks in the bark, on weeds. In the spring they hatch into pinhead-sized insects. Their body is as if pollinated with flour, with three dark stripes on the back.

There is another kind of aphid - green, which also destroys plum trees.

Notice the pest on the leaves is more difficult, only with a large cluster of individuals visible from the back of the leaf of their colony.

The danger is another lover of stone fruit plants - black aphid. A wingless insect is carried by ants, and winged species "master" new trees on their own.

Regions of plum aphid distribution

To carry out a full life cycle, a harmful insect needs certain conditions. Plum aphids develop comfortably in regions with air temperatures in summer from 23 to 27 degrees Celsius.Eggs can overwinter at frosts of 10-15 degrees. Air humidity matters, aphids are active when the indicator reaches 70-80%. Such climatic conditions are common in Western European, partly in Eastern European.

The northern regions of Africa and America, the entire Australian continent are favorable for the life of plum aphids. It can be found on a plum growing in the Caucasus, in Central Asia. Aphids bring the greatest harm to plum growers in the Volga region, the Krasnodar Territory, Ukraine, and Moldova.

Signs of defeat

You can determine the presence of aphids on the drain by:

• yellowness on the leaves along the veins;
• twisting the edges of the sheet plate;
• growths on young shoots;
• deformation of the leaves, their drying.

Usually, it is determined that the aphid has settled on the plum, by ants crawling in large numbers along the young shoots of the plant. These insects carry aphids.

Colonies of the parasite are clearly visible on the reverse side of the leaves. They can be detected with the naked eye after the tree has faded.

What are the dangers of plum pests

Despite the tinyness of the pest, the damage from it is palpable for plum trees. To continue the genus, the aphid needs the juice of leaves, plum shoots. Sucking out the juices, the insect leaves its excrement on parts of the plant, secretes poison. Plum infection occurs, it loses leaves, inflorescences. Therefore, the fruits will not be able to form on the tree. With a strong spread of aphids, the leaf plates become openwork, and the shoots dry out.

Secrets left on the drain interrupt the process of photosynthesis. And the sticky sugary substance attracts soot fungus. The weakening of young shoots by the pest leads to the fact that they are not able to endure the cold winter. The tree begins to ache and may die if aphids are not controlled.

Processing times

It is necessary to deal with aphids correctly, observing the timing of plum processing. In the spring, spraying should be carried out before bud break. You can start with folk remedies. When the green leaves hatch, you need to destroy the pest eggs that have survived over the winter. To this end, the tree is carefully treated with both contact-type insecticides and herbal infusions.

If aphids are not destroyed, then spraying should be carried out at the stage of opening buds and falling petals. After flowering, it is effective to apply chemicals. When a plum is infected with aphids during the growing season, you will have to process a tree with fruits. But at least 30 days must pass before harvest.

Summer fumigation is carried out with sulfur, taking a chemical substance up to half a matchbox. Autumn processing begins after harvesting, if during the fruiting period it was not possible to get rid of the pest. In October or November, they spray plum trees until the air temperature drops to minus 5 degrees.

Treatments

Processing plums from aphids should be carried out using such means that will be effective against the parasite. You can quickly remove insect colonies with insecticidal preparations. In the initial stages of infection, folk remedies are also effective. But you need to spray them on a diseased tree several times.

Chemicals

Modern drugs act on aphids in such a way that the parasites die on contact with the chemically treated leaf surface.There are insecticides, the substances of which penetrate the insect, paralyzing it. To fight against aphids, it is better to choose those drugs whose effect lasts for a long time.

The main task of insecticides is to destroy the parasitic insect so that it cannot attack the plum again.

Aktara

A new generation drug with contact-intestinal action is available in the form of tablets, powder, suspension. It dissolves well in water and is used to treat the crown of fruit trees from aphids. The main substance, thiamethoxam, is absorbed into the leaves after treatment. You can also spray the soil around the plum, then the poison will penetrate the roots into other parts of the plant. In this case, the effect of the drug lasts up to 2 months.

After treatment with "Aktara" in 30 minutes, pest colonies begin to die. The solution is prepared immediately before processing. Do not forget that the chemical is dangerous for bees, wasp.

Commander

Insecticide belongs to the group of chlornicotinyl and is effective against many pests, including aphids on the plum. After spraying a plum tree, the poisonous substance of the agent is absorbed by parts of the plant. Aphids, feeding on the juices of the plant, also suck in poison, which paralyzes the nervous system of individuals, and after a while they die. Plums are sprayed with an insecticidal preparation at the rate of 2 milliliters of "Commander" per 5 liters of water. The plant will be completely cleared of aphids in 30 days.

"Iskra"

One of the best aphids can be used during the fruiting period. It is active against other sucking parasites. The product is non-toxic to humans and animals. It quickly acts on pest colonies, destroying them. Up to 2-5 liters of working solution is enough for one tree.

Confidor

The drug is based on the toxic substance imidacloprid, a nicotine derivative.When it enters the body of an aphid, it blocks the vital centers of the insect, and then it dies. Granules "Confidor" quickly dissolve in water at room temperature. Sprayed with plum working solution in the morning or evening, during the period of low bee activity.

1 milliliter is enough to treat 100 square meters of garden. It is necessary to spray the solution with gloves and goggles. It is dangerous for both bees and fish. It has moderate toxicity to humans.

Fufanon

Organophosphate insecticide is widely used to treat aphids in plum plantations. After spraying, the product protects plantings from pests for 2 weeks. Poisonous substance, penetrating inside insects, leads to paralysis of the nervous system, digestive organs. Spray the emulsion evenly until the infected leaves are completely wetted. Processing should take place no later than 3 weeks before the collection of plums.

How to get rid of folk remedies

Although chemicals are very effective in controlling aphids, they have many side effects. They can quickly remove aphids, but they are dangerous for bees and fish, can cause human poisoning if safety rules are not followed during spraying. You can save a plum from aphids with infusions of herbs that the pest insect does not tolerate, or solutions of safe substances.

Ash-soap solution

Wood ash and laundry soap together are a toxin for aphid colonies. You can prepare a solution from 400 grams of sifted ash and 5 liters of water. Be sure to put the mixture on fire and bring to a boil. After boiling for half an hour, remove from heat and cool. The filtered solution is poured into a bucket and 5 liters of water are added.

For better adhesion of the product to the leaves, dilute in it shavings of laundry soap in the amount of 50 grams.

Birch tar

Tar has a specific smell that can repel aphids. For the purpose of prevention and treatment, it is necessary to dilute 10 milliliters of tar in a bucket of warm water. You can also add laundry soap.

You can use the solution when the pest population of the tree has just begun. Water the near-stem circle with a solution, and the insects leave the plant. To scare away parasites, containers with birch tar are hung on the branches.

Herbal remedies

From infusions of herbs that can remove aphids, it is useful to use:

• aerial part of chamomile, 1 kilogram of raw materials per 10 liters of water with infusion at 12 o'clock;
• tops of tomatoes by placing 4 kilograms of raw materials in a bucket of water and boiling for 30 minutes;
• buttercup or yarrow with infusion of 1 kilogram of grass in 10 liters of water;
• capsicum, 100 grams of which is boiled in 1 liter of water over low heat for an hour and infused for 2 days.

Before processing, it is necessary to dilute the solutions with water in a ratio of 1: 1 so as not to burn the plants.

Ammonia solution

From the pungent smell of ammonia, ants as carriers of aphids and diseases go elsewhere. When spraying plums with ammonia solution, aphids can be completely destroyed.

It is necessary to prepare a solution from 10 liters of water, pouring a tablespoon of concentrated ammonia and a soapy emulsion into it. They process young shoots, the top of the plum from the spray bottle.

Onion decoction

Infusion of onion peel is effective not only against aphids, but spider mites. 20 grams of husks are poured into a liter of water. After insisting and filtering, the plum is sprayed three times with an interval of 10 days.

Tobacco infusion

When harmful insects appear on the leaves of a plum tree, a tobacco decoction is prepared. They take 1 kilogram of tobacco dust or shag waste and pour 5 liters of water. It is necessary to insist a day, then boil for 1 hour. The filtered solution is used by diluting 0.5 liters in a bucket of water. Add 100 grams of soap to the mixture.

Daily plan for dealing with aphids in the plum tree

Only regularity, daily agricultural work will save the plum from the invasion of pests. It is impossible to get rid of aphids just by spraying with chemicals or folk remedies. Efficiency in a set of measures, so you need to do all the procedures in turn.

Rules for sanitary pruning of plums

When adult individuals are found on the leaves of colonies, it is necessary to cut out damaged shoots. At the same time, belts are installed on the tree trunk that can block the path of ants.Trunk circles are shed with a solution of the Fitoverm preparation. Autumn pruning is needed in order to destroy damaged, weak and diseased shoots. It is necessary to cut out all the excess growth by treating the root circle with Fitoverm.

Processing technology

Spraying plums from aphids must be done correctly:

1. The best time to process is evening or early morning when there is no wind.
2. Don't spray chemicals or folk remedies before rain, otherwise the work will be wasted.
3. The sprayer with the working solution is kept at a distance of 70 centimeters from the surface of the tree crown.
4. If the culture is high, it is better to use a stepladder.
5. With a large accumulation of insects, they begin processing with chemicals, ending with vegetable solutions during the fruiting period. The interval between sprayings is from 7 to 10 days.

Only daily protection against sucking parasites will keep the tree he althy.

Prevention of reinfection

At the heart of measures to prevent an attack on a plum pest is carrying out:

• regular sanitary tree pruning;
• fertilizing with potash fertilizers;
• watering plants;
• loosening the root circle.

Plum protection will be successful if you do not forget about the proper care of the plant.

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