Pear Bere: description and characteristics of varieties and species, planting and care with a photo

Pear group Bere has many varieties, which are united by the unusual taste of fruits that melt in your mouth. Many breeders from different countries worked on the creation of varieties. Plants are capricious in care and cultivation, but the resulting harvest of delicious fruits is worth the effort. From year to year, gardeners continue to plant them on their plots, thanks to which Bere's popularity has not fallen for many years.

Description and characteristics of a pear

Bere pear has been known for over 150 years. Most varieties of the variety were obtained in France and are rightfully considered classics, having become widespread throughout the world.The trees of this group are distinguished by high growth, a highly pyramidal asymmetric crown. Bere's branches are thick, gray in color. Plants are not afraid of spring frosts, because they bloom late.

Varieties

The Bere group includes summer, winter and autumn varieties of pears, which have some similarities in taste, but differ in the features of growing, storing and using the harvested crop.

Gif.webpfard

Considered one of the oldest species of the Bere family. The variety was bred in 1810. Tree of small height, undemanding to the composition of the soil. With age, pear growth slows down, but winter hardiness increases. It is resistant to scab, but prone to fruit rot. Used by breeders to obtain modern hybrids and varieties.

Clergeot

The variety is named after its French originator.Fruiting occurs 4 years after planting the seedling. Frost resistance is good. The fruits are prone to shedding, so it is important not to overexpose the crop on the branches. Ripe pears retain their qualities for about 1 month, suitable for transportation. Scab resistance is high, affected by codling moth.

Russian

This variety of Bere was bred by employees of the Rossoshansk fruit and berry station. The pear shows increased frost resistance, is characterized by a stable and high yield. The peel on the fruit is dense, which ensures suitability for transportation and long-term storage. Taste qualities are excellent. Disease resistance is high.

Kyiv

The variety is bred in Ukraine, fruiting occurs 4 years after planting the seedling. Pear yield increases with age. The tree is frost-resistant and drought-resistant, shows high resistance to the main types of diseases. Harvest retains its qualities up to 3 months.

Winter Michurin

Self-fertile pear obtained in Russia. Winter hardiness is average, resistance to scab is low. The tree begins to bear fruit 6-7 years after planting the seedling. Harvest can be consumed both fresh and used for all types of processing.

Ardanpon

The winter pear of this variety was obtained in Belgium and got its name in honor of the originator. It is the latest and most capricious species. Differs in very high frost resistance, productivity and long term of storage of fruits. Yields vary by growing region. Pears retain their qualities when stored for 4 months.

Luke

The tree of this variety develops and grows rapidly, begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting. It is distinguished by increased resistance to diseases, minimal requirements for growing conditions and care.Fruiting is regular, plentiful. The pear shows increased resistance to scab, the crop does not crumble from the tree for a long time, after harvesting it retains its qualities for 3 months, and it perfectly tolerates transportation over long distances. Used for commercial cultivation.

Piano

A distinctive feature of this variety are large fruits that can maintain their qualities until the end of March. The tree has poor frost resistance, therefore it is suitable for growing only in warm climates. Scab resistance is low. The taste of pears is excellent.

Bosk

The variety has been cultivated for 3 centuries, and was bred by French breeders. The tree is tall, the shape of the crown is pyramidal. The fruits are large, bottle-shaped, covered with yellow skin. The pear tastes like an almond.

Williams

Summer pear actively grows and develops up to 10-12 years, after which these processes slow down. The tree is medium-sized with an asymmetrical crown. Fruiting is plentiful, the weight of one fruit is about 170 g. The skin is thin, beautiful, glossy. The fruits have a strong classic aroma.

Features of cultivation

Pears of the Bere family have some peculiarities in growing and planting, which must be taken into account by gardeners.

Timing

Bere pears are planted in April. During this period, the buds have not yet swollen, and the tree is well rooted. You can schedule work for October, when the time for leaf fall has passed. The tree does not tolerate transplantation well, therefore it is necessary to choose a place for it accurately and without errors.

Technology and agricultural technology

Bere should be planted in a well-lit area, protected from wind and drafts. The soil is preferably chosen with a neutral level of acidity. Pears do not like areas with a close location of the groundwater level or wetlands. In a damp place, provide good drainage or build a small mound.

The root system is buried to an average depth so that it does not become bare when planting the soil.

What is better to grow from

For planting, it is preferable to use annual Bere seedlings. Older trees do not tolerate transplanting well and take root poorly. In no case should you buy and plant plants with a bare and dried root system.

Distances between trees

A gap of 3-4 meters is left between adjacent trees. In the row spacing should be a little more, about 4-5 meters.

Rules for plant care

Proper care is not only the key to a good harvest, but also helps to keep the tree he althy.

Irrigation

Watering of the Bere variety pear is carried out from a hose into the near-stem circle. In one season, 4-5 irrigations are carried out, as a result of which up to 30 liters of water are poured into one square meter of area.

Fertilizer

The pear should be fed depending on the rate of its growth and development. In young plants, shoots give 40 cm of growth per year, and in adults - 2 times less. If these figures are less, then fertilizers must be applied. The first dressing is done 2 years after planting the seedling.

At the same time, Bere needs minerals annually, but organic matter is recommended to be applied to the site once every 3 years.

Wintering

Most varieties of Bere pears do not have high frost resistance, so they must be carefully prepared for the winter. The trunk is insulated with paper or straw. Such measures are considered sufficient to protect against frost and gusts of cold wind.

Rejuvenation

After the pear reaches 15 years of age, rejuvenation is required. Initially, shoots that are at an acute angle to the trunk are removed, and then they begin to thin out those that are parallel to it. Unnecessarily anti-aging pruning is not carried out. If it is necessary to rejuvenate a tree, then the work is stretched for 2-3 years to make injuries easier to endure.

Diseases and pests

Bere pear is highly resistant to common diseases and pests, but preventive treatments will not be superfluous at all. For these purposes, fungicides are used, as well as folk remedies in the form of herbal decoctions.

Which regions is the variety more adapted to?

It is known that most varieties of Bere are bred and zoned far abroad, in particular in France. However, some varieties have adapted to the climatic conditions of Russia, namely the following regions:

Krasnodar Territory;
Foothill;
North Ossetia;
Dagestan;
Chechen Republic;
Stavropol;
Crimea;
Ingush Republic and others

Bere pears are also grown in neighboring countries with suitable climatic conditions.