Plum Zarechnaya early: description of the variety and characteristics, cultivation and care with a photo

The Zarechnaya early variety is one of the most popular among plums, as it is unpretentious in care, and also pleases with delicious juicy fruits, thanks to which it is actively used in cooking. Each gardener who wants to grow this crop on his plot should study in detail all the information about the plant and the intricacies of its cultivation in personal plots.

History of variety appearance

In 1986, the Zarechnaya early plum variety was bred by crossing three different types (Red Dessert, Eurasia 21, Volzhskaya Beauty).About a year later, the breeders provided a detailed description of the culture, based on the notes and observations of scientists. This made it possible to learn about the proper planting and care of the plant.

In 1988, the variety was registered in the State Register by Professor Kursakov, a geneticist-breeder, as an early one. Ripening occurs in mid-July. Tasters appreciated the culture, adapted to growth in temperate latitudes.

Often found in the CIS and the B altic states. It also grows in the central regions of Siberia, where winters are not too severe.

Description and characteristics of plum Zarechnaya early

Description of early Zarechnaya plum differs in many ways from other species. It is characterized by moderate growth, not exceeding 2 m, a spherical compact crown, medium density, rich brown color of the bark of the branches and trunk.The large, egg-shaped leaves have a dark green tint without jagged edges.

Inflorescences with snow-white flowers that have a green tint at the initial stages of ripening. The petals are round, the pistil is long and the presence of small numerous stamens.

The average fruit weight is at least 50 grams. Initially, a yellow tint predominates, which gradually turns into a rich purple color. The variety is valued for the correct round shape of the plum with a well-defined seam. The taste of fleshy juicy pulp is sweet with a slight sourness, which disappears after full ripening.

The skin is dense, endowed with a large number of useful substances, allows for a long time not to deteriorate and preserve the taste properties of the fruit. With a tasting score of 4.7, plums are considered a frequent export and import product.

Pros and cons

The Zarechnaya early plum variety has a number of pluses and a minimum number of minuses.

Dignity:

• stable yield;
• annual fruiting;
• compact plant size;
• early ripening period;
• frost resistance;
• excellent taste characteristics;
• excellent transport tolerance;
• storability.

The disadvantages of the Zarechnaya early plum variety include only the lack of the ability to self-pollinate, as well as the growth of plums in the off-season.

Features of cultivation

To ensure the tree's rapid growth and increased fruiting, it is necessary to follow the rules for growing the Zarechnaya early plum variety.

Date of planting

The plant is characterized by increased frost resistance, so you can plant plums in autumn and spring. Regardless of the time of planting, seedlings have a 100% survival rate. In spring, it is recommended to plant in April, as soon as the snow melts.

Choosing a place to plant plums

An important step in preparing for landing is to choose a suitable place. It is not worth growing a plum in the shade, because without the influence of sunlight, it will begin to wither, the leaves will turn pale, and eventually give a small fruit. It is best to select a sunny area on a hill. Lowlands are contraindicated due to high humidity, dampness. Loamy or sandy loamy soil is considered optimal. The groundwater level should be no more than 2 meters from the ground.

Strong wind has a detrimental effect on the plant, especially at the time of flowering, tearing off the inflorescences. This may reduce the yield. Many gardeners recommend planting plum trees near fences.

Planting a crop

The process of planting the Zarechnaya early plum involves the following steps:

1. Dig a deep hole.
2. Equip the bottom of the pit with fertilizers using organic matter and minerals.
3. Place the seedling so that the root neck is located 2-5 cm from the top border.
4. Sprinkle with soil without fertilizing.
5. Build a trench for watering around the seedling.

Plum Zarechnaya early self-fertile, so varieties such as Renklod Tambovsky, Etude should be planted nearby, which will serve as pollinators.

Plum Care Details

In order to improve fruiting and fruit quality in the future, it is necessary to regularly inspect the plant for diseases and pests, water it in a timely manner, follow the feeding schedule, and also regulate the degree of crown density by shaping it by pruning.

Irrigation

Plum variety Zarechnaya early does not tolerate stagnant water, but drought adversely affects fruiting, reducing yields. Watering is done when:

• growing season in early spring;
• flowering phase;
• appearance of ovaries;
• last days of autumn.

For young trees, the optimal amount of water is 5 buckets, for adult plants that have entered fruiting - 10.

Important! It is recommended to loosen the soil before watering.

Feeding

The first 2-3 years, the plum does not need top dressing. The need increases with the onset of the fruiting period, usually it begins in the 3rd year after planting. Feed the plant in the following order:

1. At the end of spring. Add 400 g of urea diluted in a bucket of water.
2. In a month. Also dilute urea in water, but this time its concentration is 1.5 times higher than the previous one.
3. August. Similar to the first feeding.

A mature plant can do without fertilizer.

Cutting

Not only the aesthetic appearance of the plant, but also the degree of fruiting depends on the density of the crown, so it is necessary to regularly prune, observing certain rules:

1. Remove unwanted layering.
2. Pruning dry branches in time.
3. Manually adjust the distance between fruits.
4. Thin out branches if necessary to reduce fruiting.

It is also recommended to build a support that does not come into contact with the trunk. It can also be placed under the branches so that they do not break under the weight of ripe fruits.

Important! When shaping, cut off the central branches, not the side branches.

Wintering

As mentioned earlier, the Zarechnaya early plum variety is resistant to frost, so it can survive even the harshest winters. All that a variety needs for a favorable winter transfer is covering the near-stem zone with a mulch layer.

Disease and pest prevention measures

The Zarechnaya early plum variety is characterized by strong immunity, but preventive measures should still not be neglected, since not a single culture is immune from fungal diseases associated with excess fluid in the soil. Therefore, when the plant is at rest, namely in early spring or late autumn, treat it using Bordeaux liquid.

To protect the plant from pests, it is necessary to whitewash the trunk using a chalk solution. For mature trees, it is better to use mixtures with the addition of lime and carbolic acid.

Cleaning and storage

Harvest plum Zarechnaya early is recommended in dry weather before lunch. Initially, the fruits must be removed from the lower tier, and then move to the upper one, resorting to the help of a stepladder. They should be placed immediately in one layer in boxes lined with food paper and sent to storage.

The Zarechnaya early plum variety will thank you for the correct planting and timely care with a rich harvest that will delight you with its juicy pulp and an incredible bouquet of smells.

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