Fungicides for the garden: classification, mechanism of action, instructions for use

Caring for plants in a garden in a suburban area, you need to practice an integrated approach. An important point of care is the use of protective fungicides for the garden. Special products protect green spaces and reduce the risk of infections.

What are fungicides

Fungicide is a substance of biological or chemical origin used to suppress the formation of fungi. It is fungi that are the causative agents of many infections that affect vegetation. Without a protective substance, plants lose their immunity, wither and develop slowly.

Advantages and disadvantages

Fungicides used in the garden have a number of positive characteristics. Key benefits include:

substances penetrate plants in a short period and have an active protective effect;
due to moisture resistance, fungicides are not washed off with water even in heavy rain;
after treatment, pathogens are eliminated in all tissues;
affects a wide range of fungal diseases.

In addition to the obvious advantages, drugs have several disadvantages.

As a result of disinfection, a partial disruption of favorable microflora occurs, which may affect the growth and development of green spaces. If fruit plants are processed, then it will be possible to eat the harvested crop only after some time.

Validity period

The exact duration of the protective action depends on the specific type of drug used. The average is 10-12 weeks, after which re-treatment is needed. Since the vegetation does not develop resistance to the effects of drugs, there is no need to wait between sprayings.

Classification

Depending on a number of characteristics, fungicides can be divided into classes.

When choosing the right option, you need to take into account the condition of the plants, the presence of fungal diseases and signs of their manifestation, as well as other factors.

Depending on chemical properties

According to this indicator, fungicides are classified into organic and inorganic. The former do not contain heavy metals, so they dissolve easily in liquids and can be used in combination with other substances.However, they are considered unstable compounds and remain in the ground for a short time.

The inorganic variety is copper-bearing. Also in the composition may be compounds of nickel, potassium, sulfur and other elements. They are compatible with fewer drugs, and are able to accumulate in the ground and remain in it for a long period.

Depending on the action on the pathogen

Fungicides of a systemic nature and contact fungicides are isolated according to the method of influencing the pathogen. Systemic substances easily penetrate into plants, move through the vessels and enter all parts, which provides reliable protection against possible infections. Some types of systemic drugs can be used for preventive purposes.

Fungicides of contact action interact with the pathogen only on the visible part of the plantations, without penetrating into the tissues. This allows you to destroy pathogens at the stage of their development and provide protection against gray rot, anthracnose and a number of other diseases.

To achieve the effect, you need to carefully process the plants so that the solution gets on all parts.

According to the purpose of application

Preparations for fungal diseases are divided into several types, taking into account the purpose for which they are used. The following groups are distinguished:

Seed protectors. Seed processing is important for a large number of crops. Combined disinfection demonstrates the greatest efficiency.
Means for disinfecting greenhouse soil. They are used to protect annual crops grown in seedlings. Fungicides of this group also help to get rid of phytophthora.
Fungicides for spraying perennials during dormancy. Spraying is carried out to destroy pathogens in the wintering parts of plantations, as well as from powdery mildew and rust.
Preparations for spraying during the vegetative period. These drugs are actively used during the growth and development of plants.

Depending on the nature of the distribution within plant tissues

According to the distribution of the substance inside the tissues of plantations, local and intraplant fungicides are isolated. The former are active on the outer side of the stems and leaves, while the latter penetrate deep into the tissues and have a complex effect.

Operation principle

The specificity of the action of protective drugs depends on their category. When purchasing fungicides, it is imperative to find out the variety in order to properly process the plantations in the future.

Chemical fungicides

The mechanism of action of chemical fungicides is diverse and consists of many processes. After spraying plants, nuclear division in fungal cells is suppressed, metabolic products are formed that act as an antibiotic, and necrosis sites are formed that serve as a barrier for pathogens to enter uninfected tissues.Separate elements of chemical preparations prevent the formation of nucleic acids and suppress energy metabolism.

Biologicals

Substances of natural origin increase the immunity of plants and provoke the production of substances that prevent infection. In the case of spraying plants infected with a pathogen, organic preparations release toxins to destroy pathogens.

Instructions for use

The process of using fungicides depends on the object being treated. To achieve the desired effect, you should read the instructions for use.

For soil

Fungicides intended for land in powder form are applied during digging. Using water-soluble natural substances, shed the soil surface to destroy pathogenic fungi.

For plants

Fungicides for flowers and trees can be used by spraying or dusting. As a rule, green spaces are treated with copper-based liquid substances. Broad-spectrum drugs are used several times during the season. Typically, processing periods are in early spring and late autumn.

For seeds

Seeds are processed immediately before sowing. It is most convenient to use soluble substances for seed treatment. After wrapping the seeds in gauze, they are placed in a solution and kept for the time indicated on the package.

Drug list

When choosing the right fungicides for use in the garden and vegetable garden, it is a good idea to review the list of the best options. Each of them has individual characteristics and features.

Consento

Combined fungicide used for the prevention and control of early blight, late blight and peronosporosis. It is allowed to use "Consento" at any stage of the growing season. The preparation is resistant to rain and provides protection regardless of weather conditions.

Abiga Peak

A contact drug designed to eliminate a complex of bacterial and fungal diseases. "Abiga-Peak" evenly covers the ground part of the plants and stays on the surface for a long time.

One of the important advantages is the activity at low ambient temperature.

"Acrobat MC"

The systemic component of "Acrobat MC" dimethomorph destroys the mycelium formed in the plant 2-3 days after infection. The use of the drug provides protection for the plant when the disease has begun, but does not visually manifest itself.

Byleton

Systemic fungicide used on cereals, vegetables, corn and other crops. The biological effect of the treatment lasts for 2-4 weeks.

Bordeaux blend

Bordeaux mixture is an aqueous solution of copper sulfate and slaked lime. The substance destroys fungi and inhibits the activity of pathogenic microorganisms. For the treatment of vegetation, a mixture with a concentration of 1% is used.

Vitaros

Combined disinfectant "Vitaros" fights against a complex of infections spreading through seed and soil. "Vitaros" suppresses the development of pathogens on the outer surface of the planting material and inside it. The presence of a dye in the composition simplifies the control of the processing procedure.

Gamair

The drug "Gamair" is applied to the soil or sprayed over the leaves, disrupting the activity of infectious agents."Gamair" protects plants from root rot, powdery mildew, alternariosis and a number of other diseases. When used in combination with pesticides, the substance reduces pesticide stress in plants.

Gliocladin

Product protects plant roots and soil from anthracnose and other infections. Biological soil preparation prevents the occurrence of root and root rot.

Green soap

Green soap with thick base contains potassium s alts of fatty acids, natural vegetable oils and fats. The substance is suitable for preventive use, control of diseases and pests at the initial stage of their occurrence.

Kurzat

Economical fungicide with complex action protects plants from late blight and peronosporosis. The composition contains two active components - cymoxanil and copper oxychloride. Through the penetration of the substance through the leaves, diseases are controlled on the reverse side.

"Maxim"

Protravitel "Maxim" is intended for fruit, grain and other crops. This fungicide can be used in advance on the seed. Due to the signal dye, it is possible to check the quality of processing.

Oxychom

Two-component fungicide "Oksihom" belongs to the category of contact-systemic. The substance prevents the development of late blight and peronosporosis, and also fights their consequences. The main advantages of Oxychoma are a quick response and a long period of protection.

Ordan

The drug of local-systemic action was created to eliminate diseases caused by peronospore fungi. The two-component solution can be combined with pest control substances for the comprehensive protection of green spaces.

Previcour

"Previkur" is used to control the content of phytopathogens in the soil, effective treatment of root and surface diseases caused by oomycetes. Apply "Previkur" by spraying or watering.

Profit Gold

For the fight against late blight, mildew and Alternaria, the Profit Gold solution is suitable. The preparation is suitable for use in damp weather and is not washed off during frequent rains. After processing plants, Profit Gold restrains the spread of diseases and treats latent stem infections.

Raek

Spraying plants with a highly active Raek substance promotes rapid penetration into tissues. Raek protects fruits and leaves by stopping pathogen sporulation and reducing the risk of secondary infection. The main advantages of the drug are long-lasting effect and low consumption.

Ridomil Gold

Using "Ridomil Gold" is useful for he althy plantings in order to reduce the risk of developing diseases. The substance inhibits the formation of infections during the period of active growth and provides comprehensive protection, including untreated parts of plants.

Rovral

"Rovral" is useful for any plantings, as it has a preventive and therapeutic effect, preventing the development of many pathogens. This drug is suitable for use as part of an anti-resistance program.

Quick

"Skor" is a systemic and contact fungicide with the active ingredient difenoconazole. The purpose of the substance is to prevent and treat a complex of diseases of flowers and other plant species. Also "Skor" is suitable for seed protection.

Topsin-M

"Topsin-M" - a means to combat infections of grain and fruit crops. The prevalence of the substance is due to a number of positive characteristics, including the following:

simultaneous fight against several diseases;
long protection period (up to 4 weeks);
possibility of combination with acaricides and insecticides;
no toxic effects on treated plants;
use safety.

"Trichodermin"

Biopreparation "Trichodermin" can be used not only to protect green spaces, but also as a fertilizer. "Trichodermin" suppresses the vital activity of harmful bacteria and absorbs plant residues accumulating in the soil.

Fitosporin-M

A feature of Fitosporin-M is the flow through the vessels of plants. The protective reaction begins immediately after treatment and lasts for several weeks. Fitosporin-M contains live spores that destroy dangerous microorganisms.

Hom

Hom fungicide is based on copper and is available in powder form."Khom" is suitable for the disinfection of vegetable and ornamental crops. The main active ingredient is copper oxychloride, which prevents the development of scab, late blight, curl, peronosporosis, rust and other diseases. Also, the substance destroys pathogens of fungal infections. Despite the powerful effect, "Hom" is safe for humans, subject to the basic rules of use.

"Chorus"

Means "Horus" is used at the stage of maturation of pome and stone fruit crops. "Horus" protects plants at any ambient temperature and is not washed off by rain. The consumption rate of funds is several times less compared to a number of other contact preparations.

Safety when working with fungicides

In order not to disturb the growth and development of plantings, it is important to use protective preparations correctly and observe safety measures. When working with protectants, it is recommended to wear gloves so that the substance does not get on your hands.For vegetables, cereals and other crops, you need to purchase specialized types of preparations that contain copper, potassium and other components.