Garden buttercups: planting and care in the open field, cultivation and storage

Planting and caring for garden buttercups have many features. This is a beautiful ornamental culture, which is characterized by lush flowering. In order for the plant to grow and develop normally, it needs to be properly looked after. At the same time, the culture needs timely watering, fertilizing, loosening the soil. Protecting plants from diseases and pests is of no small importance.

Description

The garden buttercup is a herbaceous perennial crop that can grow up to 63 centimeters in height. The plant is characterized by a fleshy tuberous rhizome and a leafy branched stem.The foliage has a trifoliate dissected shape. In appearance, it resembles the leaves of dahlias. Flowers reach 8-10 centimeters in diameter. They can be plain, terry or thick.

Inflorescences are characterized by bright shades - white, pink, red. Also there are cream, yellow, orange. These plants come in almost all colors. The exceptions are blue and blue buds. You can also find two-color varieties. When cut, the flowers stay fresh for a long time. They can stand in a vase for at least a week. However, despite the many advantages, the plant has poisonous properties. Therefore, it is recommended to keep it away from animals and children.

Useful properties

Garden buttercups have many useful properties. In addition, they are distinguished by their decorative appearance. That is why the culture has gained great popularity among gardeners.

Decorative

The plant is often used for decorative purposes.It is suitable for decorating flower beds, plots, lawns. It can also be grown at home in a flower pot. A diverse palette of shades of the plant allows you to create stunning compositions. At the same time, buttercups can be safely combined with any flowers. The plant is popular with landscape designers and florists. It is often chosen by flower growers and holiday decorators.

Healing

Practically all types of buttercups contain many valuable components. These include the following:

1. Protoanemonin. This substance has tonic properties and activates the nervous system. It helps to strengthen the immune system, copes with pathogenic bacteria and increases the content of hemoglobin in the blood.
2. Coumarins. They are natural anticoagulants that speed up the regeneration processes in cells and are a source of vitamin P. It helps prevent the formation of blood clots.
3. Cardiac glycosides. These substances normalize the work of the heart, cope with tachycardia, stimulate blood flow and reduce pressure.
4. Saponins. Substances have choleretic characteristics and help reduce temperature. They also help to normalize blood pressure, dilute sputum, and improve reproductive functions.
5. Tannins. They narrow and strengthen the walls of blood vessels, protect the mucous membranes of the digestive organs and skin.
6. Alkaloids. These components activate immune functions, have a tonic effect, cope with fever and pain, and reduce pressure parameters. Also, substances strengthen the walls of blood vessels, stop bleeding and disinfect wounds.
7. Flavonoids. These components prevent the destruction of hyaluronic acid, activate metabolic processes, make the walls of blood vessels more elastic, neutralize the action of free radicals and prevent sclerotic processes.
8. Vitamin C. The substance takes part in the immune system and normalizes the functions of hematopoiesis.
9. Carotene. The component helps to improve visual functions, strengthens bone tissue, and improves the condition of teeth. It also normalizes the elasticity of the skin and strengthens the hair. With its help, it is possible to slow down the aging process.

Types of buttercups

There are many varieties of garden buttercups, each with specific characteristics.

Classic

Currently, more than 400 species of plants are included in the genus Buttercups. Moreover, this list is constantly growing.

Caustic

This plant is also called night blindness. This is a herbaceous perennial culture that reaches a height of 20-50 centimeters. It includes straight branched shoots. The leaves of the plant are located along the entire height of the branches, but quite rarely.From below, they are larger in size and are almost solid. The upper leaves are strongly dissected and have linear lobes. In June, simple yellow flowers with 5 wide petals appear. Their diameter is no more than 2 centimeters.

Golden

This plant is often found in damp shady meadows and reaches a height of 40 centimeters. Straight stems contain practically no leaves. The composition of the rosette includes rounded serrated leaves on long petioles. On top are linear sessile leaves.

The plant has small yellow flowers with a pubescent calyx and a simple bell-shaped corolla. They appear in April and June.

Creeping

This perennial culture is characterized by decumbent stems 15-40 centimeters high. They easily root in the nodes upon contact with the ground. The stem of the plant is covered with short hairs.Petiolate leaves have a bright green color and are located along the entire length. The flowers have the correct shape and yellow color. Their structure includes 5 petals. Buds open in the first half of summer.

Poisonous

This plant can be perennial or annual. It has a branched straight stem and reaches a height of 10-70 centimeters. Shoots are decorated with openwork trifoliate leaves. They have serrated edges. The ovoid lobes of the plant are distinguished by a dark green tint. In late spring or early summer, small flowers appear on the bushes. They have a light yellow color.

Asian

This culture has decorative double flowers that resemble roses in appearance. The plant is a semi-shrub that reaches a height of 40 centimeters.

Hot

This is a perennial crop that has a bare or straight stem.It can reach 20-50 centimeters in height. The leaves of the plant are oval or diamond-shaped. From below, the leaves are attached to the shoots with long petioles, from above they are located directly on the stem. The culture has small flowers that reach a diameter of 1 centimeter. They are solitary and yellow in color. The plant has poisonous juice and can cause irritation on the skin.

Water

This plant has creeping shoots and small size. In height, it reaches 5-20 centimeters. Straight petioles are decorated with carved leaves that look like snowflakes. Culture has excellent decorative properties. It is often used to decorate aquariums.

Multicolor

This is a herbaceous perennial plant that grows up to 40-80 centimeters. It includes straight, branched stems covered with short villi.The palmately dissected leaves have fluff. From June to August, simple flowers appear on the bushes. They have a rich yellow tint.

Sayan

This plant has curved shoots 20-30 centimeters high. It has rounded leaves. They can also be heart-shaped. With the advent of summer, the bushes are decorated with single flowers. They are yellow in color and have a hairy receptacle.

Kashubian

This perennial has a straight stem. It branches only from above. Plant height is 30-60 centimeters. The leaves have a solid structure and are distinguished by a round or heart-shaped shape. The flowers are localized singly and have a light yellow color. Flowering begins in April.

Snowy

This culture reaches a height of 6-15 centimeters. It is decorated with single dark yellow flowers that appear in July and August. The plant prefers damp places. It can often be found in swampy areas.

Decorative garden

This crop has a beautiful appearance and many varieties. Each of them has certain features.

Mache

This is a compact bush, which is distinguished by a branched stem and reaches 30-40 centimeters. Terry buds of the plant have white petals and a rich color border.

Terry

It is also called peony. The plant is characterized by large flowers with closely spaced petals.

French

This variety is characterized by semi-double flowers. Their structure includes 2-3 rows of wide petals.

Persian

This culture has small flowers. They can be single or semi-double.

Chalmoid

The plant is decorated with double flowers. They have a spherical shape.

Red Book

Quite a lot of buttercups are listed in the Red Book. These plants differ in appearance and properties.

Longleaf

This is a fairly bright plant that has yellow flowers. This is a spectacular perennial, which is characterized by root buds extending from unusual nodes, and underground shoots. The plant has large stems. Their height is 0.5-1.5 meters.

North

Perennial plant reaches a height of 20-40 centimeters. It is characterized by a fibrous root and a straight stem. Branches in diameter reach 1.5-2 centimeters. The flowers of the plant are yellow.

Popular varieties

Garden buttercups have many interesting varieties. This allows each grower to choose the best option for planting on their site.

Purple Picotee

This culture is characterized by white petals. At the same time, a bright purple coating can be seen through them.

Bloomingdale Rose Bicolor

This plant has white flowers with a pale pink border.

Double Pink Buttercup

Culture has dense double flowers. Their petals fit snugly together.

Mixed

Today on sale there are mixtures with seeds of different plant species. As a result, you will be able to get a whole mix of multi-colored buttercups.

Gold Rose

This plant is characterized by yellow flowers. Bushes reach a height of 30 centimeters.

Features of planting in open ground

In order for the plant to develop normally, attention should be paid to the correct planting work.

Soil preparation

For the culture, fertile and well-drained soil that contains a lot of humus is suitable. As for the acidity parameters, the earth should be neutral. A slightly acidic soil is also suitable.

Buttercups grow well in moist soil. Therefore, they should be planted in areas with a surface location of groundwater. At the same time, a full-fledged drainage layer is of no small importance.

It is recommended to plant garden buttercups in small groups, which helps to achieve maximum decorative beds. Since autumn, it is recommended to dig up the soil for plants. At the same time, compost and manure will have to be added to its composition.

Preparing planting material

No special preparation is required for planting material. To improve the germination of seeds or the survival of seedlings, they can be treated with a growth stimulator before planting.

Choosing the place and time of landing

Garden buttercups are recommended to be planted in well-lit areas that are protected from direct sunlight and wind. Too much sun will cause seeding problems. It also prevents prolonged flowering. Planting is best done in the spring. Autumn is not the right time for this. The plant should be planted from the end of April to the second half of May. It is important that the soil warms up well.

How to plant correctly

To carry out planting operations, it is recommended to do the following:

1. Dig small holes for planting. In heavy soil, their depth should be 3-5 centimeters, in light soil - 6-8.
2. The distance between the bushes should be 10-15 centimeters.
3. Lay a drainage layer at the bottom. It should include sand and expanded clay.
4. Place the plants in the recesses and sprinkle with soil. Tamp the soil on top and water.
5. Place the tubers in the holes. It is recommended to do this root down.
6. After completing planting work, cover the bed with a mulch layer.

When planting garden buttercups in seedlings, it will be possible to wait for the flowering of the bushes only next year.

Features of care

In order for the culture to fully develop and flourish, it is recommended that it be provided with quality care.

Irrigation

Culture is very demanding on the composition of the soil. It can hardly tolerate excessive watering or too dry weather. The condition of the soil is recommended to control so that it does not dry out. It is recommended to water the plants when the top layer dries. At the same time, it is worth carefully moistening the bushes. Otherwise, there is a risk of root rot.

After the end of flowering, the number of waterings should be reduced. During this period, plants begin to prepare for a dormant period, so they do not need food. After the foliage turns yellow, it is recommended to completely abandon watering.

Drainage

To protect plantings from excess moisture, a drainage layer should be placed in the recesses. It may include pebbles or expanded clay.

Weeding and loosening

The soil around the bushes should be constantly loosened. Equally important is the removal of weeds that absorb nutrients and moisture.

Feeding

During the entire growing season, flowers need good nutrition. In this case, it is recommended to make organic or complex products. This is done with an interval of 10-14 days. During the period of leaf development, nitrogen-based products should be used. When flowers appear, bushes require phosphorus and potassium.

Dig up and store tubers

Many types of buttercups have to be dug up for the winter. This procedure is carried out in late summer or early autumn - after the death of leaves and stems. If the tubers are not dug up in a timely manner, the rhizome will begin to grow. When digging up buttercups, it is important to consider that they have fragile roots, so the procedure should be done very carefully.

After this, it is recommended to wash the rhizomes. If they have grown strongly, they divide. Then it is recommended to wash the tubers with fungicides or potassium permanganate and dry. Keep the tubers in sawdust, sand or peat. At the same time, maintain the temperature in the room + 4-6 degrees.

It is recommended to inspect the rhizomes every month. This will help to identify pathologies in a timely manner and avoid their spread. If symptoms of rot or mold appear, the affected tubers are recommended to be removed. With a small lesion, it is permissible to treat them with colloidal sulfur.

Pruning, pinching and trimming

In order for the plant to bloom for a long time, it is recommended to remove dried branches in time. Timely pruning helps to make the bush more beautiful. However, it will be able to bloom until August. During the development of buttercups, it is recommended to get rid of dry leaves and faded buds. With the advent of autumn, dead flower stalks are completely removed.

Mulching

This procedure helps to avoid moisture evaporation. It also protects the beds from weeds. Peat, sawdust, dry grass or leaves can be used as mulch.

Wintering

Out in the field, garden ranunculus will not survive the winter. After the end of the flowering period, all ground fragments will die off. At this point, it is recommended to dig up the tubers.

After flowering

After flowering is complete, you will have to gradually reduce the amount and frequency of watering. When the leaves turn yellow, soil moisture must be completely stopped. In August or September, it is worth starting to dig up the tubers.

Features of growing at home

Buttercups are quite acceptable to grow at home. At the same time, it is recommended to strictly adhere to the main agrotechnical recommendations.

Choose a pot

Tubers of this crop are best planted in small pots. Individual glasses are also suitable for this purpose.

How to choose soil

Buttercups require light and breathable soil. Too dense soil will prevent germination and make it difficult for nutrients to reach the tuber. It is best to use humus and black soil for planting crops. It is also permissible to introduce a small amount of sand into the substrate. Drainage holes are recommended in pots.

Tuber preparation

You will have to place a rag or napkin in the container. Then moisten it with a solution of a fungicide or growth stimulator.Put buttercup tubers on top and cover with a dry napkin. It is recommended to cover the container with foil. After swelling of the planting material, it is allowed to pull it out. It usually takes 1-3 hours.

Drainage

To avoid rotting of the root system, it is important to properly organize the drainage layer. It may include crushed brick or pebbles.

How to plant

Tubers are recommended to be planted at a depth of their height. This means that only the top should remain on top. After that, the tubers should be sprinkled 2-3 centimeters with earth and sprinkled with Fitosporin solution.

Irrigation

You will have to moisten the plant as the substrate dries out. It should be borne in mind that it is not required to transfuse the culture.

Temperature

In order for the culture to develop normally, it needs a low temperature of +16-18 degrees. Increased air dryness and temperatures above +25 degrees will lead to the death of the plant.

Feeding

The plant is recommended to be fed with minerals and organic matter. Potassium products, peat are perfect. It is also acceptable to use a compost solution. For good results, feed should be alternated.

Methods of reproduction

It is permissible to propagate a plant by 2 methods - seeds or division. The second method is considered simpler and more efficient.

Seed

Seeds are sold in special stores. It is also permissible to collect them yourself. To do this, after the flower wilts, the box should be tied with gauze. When the fruit dries, it is recommended to lightly press down and pour out the seeds. After that, carefully remove the gauze with planting material and dry it in a warm place. Then transfer the seeds to paper bags and put away for storage.

It should be borne in mind that buttercups grown in this way will not adopt varietal characteristics, therefore it is better to use store seeds.It is best to plant seeds in seedling boxes or open soil. In the first case, planting work should be carried out in February, in the second - in May.

Rhizome division

In autumn, it is recommended to dig up the tubers from the ground and carefully separate the fresh growths. Treat damaged areas with charcoal. Then dry the fragments and treat with a fungicide. They should be stored at a temperature of + 10-12 degrees. With the advent of spring, soak the tubers, and plant them in the ground at the end of April. They are deepened by 7-8 centimeters.

Diseases and pests

Culture has a fairly strong immunity, because it is practically not susceptible to dangerous fungi. However, sometimes these problems do occur. In such a situation, fungicides are used.

Root rot

The development of pathology is due to improper watering. Root rot usually develops with excess moisture.

Powdery mildew

This violation is due to high humidity and high rainfall. Bordeaux liquid will help to cope with it.

Cabbage Butterfly

Larvae and caterpillars of butterflies provoke damage to leaves and shoots of bushes. When these pests are identified, there is a need to apply bioinsecticides.

Nematodes

Infection of the root system with nematodes can be suspected by weak growth and twisting of leaf plates. In such a situation, the bush will have to be dug up, its roots cleaned of soil and lowered into warm water.

Fungal diseases

To avoid fungal infections will help high-quality soil drainage. Equally important is the observance of the irrigation regime. With the development of fungi, remove the affected fragments, and treat the bush itself with a fungicide.

Landscape use

Buttercups have excellent decorative properties. Therefore, they are often used to decorate garden plots.

Combination with other crops

This flower goes well with other cultures. It can be planted on the same bed with cornflowers, bluebells, hostas. Evergreen shrubs will be great additions.

Designing a garden plot

Garden buttercups are a great addition to mixed flower beds. Depending on the height of the bushes, they are allowed to be planted in the foreground or in the center of the flower garden. Also, these plants are suitable for decorating alpine slides, mixborders, rockeries. Individual varieties are often grown in pots.

Prevention

In order for the plant not to face dangerous diseases or parasites, timely preventive treatments will have to be carried out. White mold is considered one of the main dangers for culture. It provokes the defeat of flower stalks and leaves of the culture.

Garden buttercups sometimes encounter fungal diseases. The appearance of problems is indicated by the formation of brown spots. They are localized on the leaves and their petioles. One of the most dangerous plant pests is the nematode. It provokes root damage. There is also a risk of spider mites attacks. In this case, the leaves curl up, the growth of the bush is disturbed. Foliage is covered with yellow or silver spots. In order for the plant to develop normally, it is recommended that it be provided with proper prevention. In this case, it is worth doing the following:

1. Set up irrigation regime. Too much moisture is not recommended. If overwatered, there is a risk of developing powdery mildew.
2. The very first symptoms of problems should be the basis for a complete cessation of watering.
3. To avoid moisture stagnation, it is recommended to loosen the soil in time, organize high-quality drainage and use insecticides.
4. To cope with the nematode, the roots of the bushes should be treated once with a solution of potassium permanganate.
5. It is better to use acaricides to kill spider mites.

Answers to questions

When to dig and how to store bulbs? This procedure is recommended to be performed in the fall, immediately after the death of the ground part of the plant. If the tubers are not dug up in time, there is a risk of their germination. They should be stored in a cool room until next spring.

How often is it recommended to water the plant? This should be done as the topsoil dries. With excess moisture, there is a risk of root rot and the development of fungal diseases.

Do I need to cover the bushes for the winter? This culture is not able to endure the winter in the open field. Therefore, after the leaves and branches die off, the tubers will have to be dug up.

Reviews

Many reviews of this culture testify to its popularity:

1. Victoria, 42: “Garden buttercups look very beautiful and cheerful. I really like the variety of their shades. I created a real composition of these flowers on my site. The only negative I can name is the need to dig up tubers for the winter. They just can't handle the extreme drop in temperature.”
2. Marina, 38 years old: “I have been growing this crop on my plot for a long time. I can say that buttercups are not particularly demanding to care for. To avoid the development of fungi, it is necessary to carry out prevention in time. Equally important is the control of the frequency of irrigation. Otherwise, buttercups are absolutely unpretentious.”

Garden buttercups are a popular crop that can beautify any yard. In order for the plant to develop normally and delight with lush and long flowering, it is recommended to properly care for buttercups.At the same time, it is necessary to water and feed the bushes in a timely manner. Equally important is the protection of buttercups from diseases and pests.

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