Daylilies: planting and care in the open field, growing and pruning

Planting and caring for daylilies in the open field have many features. This perennial plant has been known to people since ancient times. Today it is actively used in landscape design to decorate flower beds and mixborders. In order for the plant to bloom luxuriantly and profusely and develop normally, it is recommended to properly care for it. The flower needs timely watering, top dressing, pruning. Equally important is the preparation of the plant for winter.

Features and description of culture

Daylily has thick and fleshy adventitious roots. They provide crop protection from drought.Basal leaves have a broadly linear shape. They are either straight or curved. Flowers are most often distinguished by a funnel-shaped form. They differ in appearance and are yellow, brown-red, orange. Inflorescences include several flowers. A maximum of 3 flowers can bloom at the same time. In this case, flowering lasts 20 days.

One or several leafy peduncles may be present on the bush. They vary in length. Depending on the variety, flower stalks reach 0.3-1 meters. After flowering is completed, fruits are formed. They are triangular boxes filled with seeds.

Advantages of use in landscape design

Daylily is often used in landscape design. For this, wild crops and hybrid varieties are used. A flower can be planted singly or made part of a composition. The plant goes well with other flowers - tulips, dahlias, delphiniums. It can be combined with crocuses, irises, hyacinths.The culture goes well with coniferous trees, cereals, deciduous bushes. Small bushes well complement alpine slides and flower beds.

High grades can be used to create hedges and borders. The flower grows well near ponds, lakes, streams. Fragrant crops can be located near the resting places. When choosing a place for a daylily, it is recommended that it does not merge with buildings.

Cultures with bright or dark flowers grow well in well-lit areas. Thanks to this, the petals will have a rich color. Light varieties grow well in shady places. After flowering is completed, the leaves dry and lose their decorative properties. This feature should definitely be taken into account when creating a flower bed.

Basic Growing Requirements

In order for the plant to develop normally and bloom luxuriantly, it is recommended that it provide optimal conditions.

Illumination of the place

The plant is undemanding to planting conditions. It is allowed to be planted in the shade or partial shade. However, it will be possible to achieve bright flowering only in a sunny place. If you plant a bush in a shady area, its color will become pale. In this case, the daylily blooms late and blooms early.

Temperature conditions

The vegetation period of the culture comes early enough. This happens immediately after the snow melts and the end of frost, when the temperature at night is at least 0 degrees. As a rule, daylilies begin to wake up in mid-April.

Autumn temperatures at night can be less than -3 degrees. In such conditions, the leaves of the flower begin to wither. With the early onset of autumn frosts, the foliage fades before it turns yellow.

During the cold summer, daylily flowering is significantly disrupted. At the same time, the buds become small and do not fully open.Sometimes they do not bloom at all, but wither and crumble. With strong summer heat, the flowering period of the daylily is significantly reduced. The bright sun burns the leaves of the bushes.

Humidity

Culture is considered very moisture-loving. To achieve lush flowering and normal development of the plant, it is recommended to water it in a timely manner. It is especially important to do this in dry weather.

Required soil composition

The plant is considered undemanding to the composition of the soil. It can grow in any garden soil. However, it will be possible to obtain the most abundant flowering when growing a crop in light and fertile soil. If the soil on the site is not ideal, it can be improved. So, it is recommended to add compost and sand to clay soil. Sandy soil should be mixed with clay. Soddy-podzolic soil is recommended to be diluted with compost.

The best and worst neighbors

Daylilies are suitable for single and group plantings. They can be combined with various shrubs - for example, with viburnum or panicled hydrangea. Ornamental cereals, point loosestrife, yarrow, and physiostegia are perfect as additions. Experienced flower growers do not recommend combining a flower with tall trees, as this will lead to competition and oppression of the plant.

How to plant a flower outdoors

In order for the culture to grow quickly and delight with lush flowering, it is worth paying attention to planting.

Determining where to land

Daylily grows best in a sunny, well-lit area. The exception is varieties with dark inflorescences. Under the influence of bright sunlight, they quickly fade. Such crops are recommended to be placed in partial shade.

Choosing quality planting material

To achieve success in growing a crop, it is recommended to pay attention to the choice of a seedling. It must be strong and of good quality. The plant should not have damaged areas or traces of decay. Before planting, it is recommended to carefully inspect the culture. If necessary, it is worth trimming dead roots. Then it is recommended to soak the daylily roots in a growth stimulator.

Recommended crop sowing dates

Planting crops is allowed at different times - from spring to autumn. Specific dates should be chosen taking into account the climatic features of the region. With the early onset of winter during the autumn planting, the daylily will not take root, which will lead to its death. It takes 1 month for the culture to adapt to new conditions.

In the middle lane, experienced flower growers recommend planting a plant in May or August. The division of the bush and the transplantation of the culture should also be carried out in the spring or at the end of summer.

Step-by-step disembarkation algorithm

Planting daylilies in the ground is recommended in cool weather. In this case, it is worth observing the following sequence of actions:

1. Dig a hole for planting. It should be of such dimensions that all the roots of the flower fit, and there is a little space left on the sides. On average, the hole is made 30 centimeters deep and 40 centimeters in diameter.
2. Pour a small mound in the center of the depression. It is worth placing the root system of the flower on it. In this case, it is recommended to carefully straighten all the roots. They should be directed to the sides and down at a small angle.
3. Determine the correct level of indentation. In this case, it is worth focusing on a light green strip at the base of the sockets. After placing the bush, it is recommended to sprinkle it with earth.
4. Plentifully water the bush with warm water. However, it is forbidden to hit the foliage.

The basal neck of the culture should not be buried more than 2-3 centimeters. It is also recommended that no bare roots remain on the surface.

After planting, it is recommended to cover the soil in the center of the flower bed with a mulch layer, which will help retain moisture.

How to care for a flower in the garden

This plant is unpretentious. However, in order to achieve lush flowering, it is recommended to properly care for it.

Water and fertilize

Daylilies are drought tolerant. They have a developed root system and have the ability to accumulate moisture. The need for watering depends on the growing season. It is especially important to moisten the soil during flowering. It lasts almost 2 months. At the same time, watering the bush is plentiful enough to moisten the soil by 30-40 centimeters.

After planting, the plant is recommended to be watered once a week. In this case, water is allowed to be poured under the root or to use the sprinkling method. However, if water gets on the flower petals, it can cause spots, which negatively affects the decorative properties.

In order for the culture to fully develop, it is recommended to feed it in a timely manner. At the same time, the composition and amount of fertilizers depend on the seasonal factor and the age of the crop. Mature bushes have a great need for nutrients. At the beginning of the growing season, the bushes are recommended to be fed with nitrogen. This substance provides a rapid build-up of leaves. Subsequently, the culture should be fertilized with phosphorus and potassium.

Loosening the soil

After each watering, it is recommended to loosen the soil. It helps to saturate the root system with oxygen and nutrients. In the process of loosening, you should definitely get rid of weed grass.

Pruning the plant

Daylily is recommended to be trimmed periodically. This procedure has certain features, taking into account the seasonal factor.

Need for trimming

Timely pruning helps to make the bush more lush and enhance its decorative properties. It is recommended to carry out the procedure during the entire growing season - with the arrival of spring and after flowering.

When is best: spring or autumn

During the season, it is recommended to prune the daylily several times. The further development and appearance of the bush depends on this. The procedure should be carried out in spring and autumn. Moreover, each trimming has certain features.

Scheme and instructions for pruning daylilies

Spring pruning is very important for normal flower development. This procedure prepares the bush for flowering and helps to wake up from the winter dormancy. At this stage, it is recommended to cut off all excess leaves and fragments of the plant. It is definitely recommended to remove wilting or withered parts of the flower.Otherwise, they will affect he althy fragments of the culture. With the advent of cold weather, it is again worth carefully examining the bush for the presence of withered foliage. If possible, it is recommended to cut it off immediately.

When to transplant daylilies

There are no specific dates for transplanting the daylily to a new place. The plant normally transfers movement to another site. Most often, flower growers carry out this procedure in the spring or late summer. However, there are other options.

Spring

To transplant a daylily in the spring, it is recommended to wait for the soil to fully warm up. This usually happens in mid-April or mid-May - it all depends on the climate of the region. For the procedure, the daylily is recommended to be dug out of the soil with a clod of earth. This must be done as carefully as possible so as not to damage the roots of the plant. Then the culture should be placed in a container with water or under a stream.This will help get rid of excess soil and carefully examine the roots. If necessary, it is recommended to cut them to 15-20 centimeters.

If there is a need for propagation of culture, the bush is divided into fragments. Then, fertilizer should be applied to the prepared recess and a bush or delenka should be placed in it. Then water thoroughly and sprinkle with earth. Then the bush must be compacted and watered again. This will help remove air trapped between the roots. In the spring, it is necessary to transplant the plant in the evening.

Crops transplanted in the spring with a large root will bloom magnificently this year. Delenki with small roots will form buds only next season.

Summer

If necessary, the bush can be transplanted to a new place in August. In this case, it is recommended to handle the roots as carefully as possible. They should not be cut or divided. In this case, it is permissible to remove rotten areas and sprinkle the cut areas with ash.A plant transferred to a new place is recommended to be watered systematically. Equally important is the regular loosening of the soil and the removal of weeds. In summer, it is allowed to transfer the culture to a new place only in the evening.

Autumn

Autumn transplantation is recommended before the arrival of frost and cold weather. Depending on the climate of the region, it is held in September or October. When carrying out an autumn transplant, it is important to ensure that the bush has time to adapt to new conditions before the arrival of frost. It is better to carry out this procedure in the daytime.

Features of preparing crops for winter in the regions

To prepare the plant for winter, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features of the region. The type of crop is also important.

In the Urals and Siberia

In a harsh climate, it is difficult for a daylily to survive the winter. Even if the plant is well covered, with prolonged frosts below -35 degrees, it can die. Therefore, experienced flower growers advise carefully digging out daylilies with a lump of soil and keeping them all winter in a dry cellar or basement.

It is also permissible to carefully dig out the rhizomes of the flowers and place them in the substrate or sand in the cellar. In this case, it is important to systematically check the condition of the culture. It should not show areas of dryness or decay. In spring, daylilies are planted in open ground.

In the Volga region

In order to prepare the plant for winter this year, it must be covered with peat, bark and spruce branches. In this case, the thickness of the mulching layer should be at least 10-15 centimeters. In winter, it is recommended to monitor the condition of the landings. If necessary, add snow to protect the crop from frost.

In the middle lane

In the Moscow region, the plant also needs to be properly prepared for the winter. It is best to cover the culture with mulch or non-woven materials. In some cases, the plant is able to withstand the winter without shelter. However, experienced flower growers are not advised to take risks, especially if southern hybrid varieties are grown that are not used to long frosts.

Reproduction Method

Daylilies can be propagated vegetatively or by seed. Each of the options has certain features.

Dividing the bush

This method of reproduction is considered the most common. It allows you to save all the varietal characteristics of the mother crop. In this case, it is permissible to use different methods of separating flowers - with digging the plant out of the ground or without extracting it from the ground.

In the first case, it is recommended to dig the bush out of the ground along with the root. Then rinse the rhizome with water. This will help remove pests and facilitate the process of dividing the bush. After that, it is necessary to remove the peduncle and foliage. In this case, you need to leave shoots measuring 10-15 centimeters.

Old bushes are recommended to be dried and cut into fragments. Each of them should have a part of the root neck with a kidney. To achieve the formation of more beautiful greenery, it is worth leaving 3-5 shoots on the divisions.

With a strong growth of bushes, it can be quite difficult to separate them. In such cultures, young roots grow along the edges. These fragments take root immediately after separation. Delenki from the central part of the daylily take time to mature. Therefore, they must first be planted on a temporary bed, and after 1-2 years they should be planted on a permanent site.

Young rosettes can be separated from loose bushes at the end of summer. It does not require digging up the main plant. Bushes aged 2-3 years with their own roots are suitable for the procedure.

Without digging, it is permissible to divide daylilies that do not grow much. To do this, with a sharp shovel, you need to cut the bush, cut it from below and pull the delenki out of the ground. It is recommended to sprinkle damaged fragments on the roots with wood ash.

Stem cuttings

Some varieties that bloom in August form 1-3 new bushes in the axils of peduncles.As they grow, new leaves and root tubercles appear on them. After the peduncle dries, the rosettes can be carefully separated from the main plant. It is also permissible to cut cuttings with a piece of stem 3-5 centimeters in size.

Leaves on rosettes are recommended to be shortened by a third, and then planted in nutrient soil for rooting. Plants need to be systematically sprayed and shaded.

Seeds

This breeding method is mainly used by breeders. It helps to develop new crop varieties. It should be borne in mind that daylily seeds cannot be stored for a long time. They are recommended to be planted immediately before winter or postponed until spring. Planting material needs cold stratification, and during winter sowing, this procedure takes place in the soil in a natural way.

If spring planting is planned, the seeds must first be held at a low temperature for a month. At the same time, the optimal parameters are + 2-3 degrees. With the advent of spring, the seeds are planted in the ground by 2-3 centimeters. Such plants will be able to bloom only after 2-3 years.

Typical mistakes when caring for a plant

When growing a crop, beginner growers make many mistakes:

1. Violate the timing of the landing work. If the culture did not have time to take root before winter, there is a risk of its death from frost. With too early spring planting, weakened bushes do not have time to recover before flowering and may suffer from various infections.
2. The ground part is cut too low. It is recommended to leave stumps at least 10 centimeters in size.
3. Neglect timely harvesting of leaves. It is best to let them dry naturally. This provides the root system with the maximum amount of nutrients.
4. The bushes are warmed too early for the winter. In warm weather, the plant may rot.
5. Use nitrogen fertilizers when planting. This provokes the growth of extra leaves.

Daylily is a beautiful decorative culture that is often used in landscape design.In order for the plant to develop normally and bloom luxuriantly, it is recommended to properly care for it. At the same time, it is worth watering the bushes in a timely manner, making nutrients, pruning. In order for the plant to endure the winter normally, it is recommended to warm it. At the same time, the shelter method depends on the climatic features of the region.

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