Indo-white French: types and description, weight and features of adult birds

Indo-ducks are a popular type of poultry, they are bred on large poultry farms and in small farms. In our country, this type of duck appeared at the end of the 20th century, quickly spread due to its precocity, tasty dietary meat, and impressive weight. Let's consider the features of breeding an indo-outa variety of white French, the pros and cons of growing, care and possible problems.

Origin story

There is a fleshy outgrowth above the beak of the turkey, which makes the bird look like turkeys. The name duck also suggests a close relationship with turkeys.But indo-cats are not hybrids of duck and turkey, this conventional wisdom is misleading. Wild ducks, which are also called musky (due to their special smell), with leathery growths near the beak, are found in Central and South America. Domestic breeds of indoutas are bred from them. Indoutok is grown all over the world. The first representatives were brought to Russia from Germany.

White French Indo is distinguished by a snow-white feather without any shades of gray or yellow. The main feature of the breed - the absence of an obtrusive specific duck smell in meat - was liked by poultry lovers.

Reference: Indo-ducks are also called mute (Europeans - mute) for their inability to quack loudly, make noise, like other representatives of ducks.

General description and characteristics

Domestic species are heavier than wild relatives. They have a broad chest and a short neck. The weight of an adult varies from 6 kilograms in a drake to 4 kilograms in females.The body length in males reaches 90 centimeters (females - 60 centimeters). Thanks to their short webbed feet, Indo-ducks are good swimmers and love to spend time in the water. But in the absence of reservoirs, they manage to stay in the yard, they easily endure land life.

The plumage is dense, some types of Muscovy ducks give good fluff. Thanks to their long wings and powerful plumage, Indochkas fly well, which can be a problem for poultry farmers. The neck is short, the beak is flat. Between the eyes and the beak is a red leathery outgrowth, which is the main distinguishing feature of the Indo-duck. If you touch this place in adults, you will feel a slight musky smell, which gave the ducks their name.

Wild individuals have a dark feather, domestic ones have different colors, from pure white to red-brown. White Indians are distinguished by high productivity - meat yield - 54-60% of live weight, rapid weight gain, a laying hen produces 100-120 eggs per year.Eggs with a large yolk, their weight is 70-75 grams.

Varieties of indoutok

Biological classification divides the indoutok into only 2 varieties - wild and domestic. Wild Indians are predominantly dark in color, body size is significantly inferior to domesticated counterparts (1.5-2 kilograms).

When breeding breeds, breeders focused on weight gain (mainly chest), and also tried to hide the fleshy outgrowth with feathers, which spoils the appearance of the indo.

In addition to white French, several more varieties of indo-outs have been bred, which differ in plumage color. Cultivated species are phlegmatic in nature, they are easy to manage even for inexperienced poultry farmers.

Popular breeds also include:

mulardy - bred by crossing Muscovy and Peking ducks;
red bull - ducks with a red-brown feather, one of the largest (drake grows up to 5-7 kilograms);
blue - has a lavender plumage color, the down is light, delicate, the feather is an additional source of profit when breeding;
Chocolate - Indo with cinnamon feathers and white fluff, as a result, each bird has an individual color.

There is no particular difference in content and character between the breeds, the meat of all is juicy and tender, the differences relate to appearance.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pros and conshigh yield of dietary meat (60% by weight) with a low fat content (3%) and excellent taste characteristics;calm, gentle disposition, making the birds comfortable to keep;cleanliness;developed immunity;precocity - 1.5-3 months;a large number of drakes in the population - males are heavier, their cultivation is more profitable;birds love to swim, but can do without a pond;mutees do not disturb the peace of the owners with a loud hubbub.the bird does not like wet rooms, poultry houses will have to be ventilated, provide good ventilation.to maintain immunity, Indians need free space, space - in the cells they wither, get sick. Need a place to run.Indian ducks are ready to fly - pens will have to be protected, ordinary duck aviaries will not work. The owners often clip the birds' wings.

White indochki do not impose special requirements for keeping, they rush for a long time, which allows you to get offspring twice a year. Keeping indoutok does not give the owners much trouble, the breeds have more advantages than disadvantages.

How to keep and care for a bird

What conditions need to be created for white indo-women to ensure full development:

Families are formed from 1 drake and 4-5 laying hens. The females are a month younger than the male. If there are many birds, they are settled by separate families.
Hatching nests are made from boxes or branches. Laying hens and ducks are separated.
Settlement density - 3 birds per square meter, ducklings - 8 goals.
The floor in the poultry house is better to make a mesh with cells of 24 millimeters, covering 2/3 of the area of the room.
Muscovy ducks can do without a pond. A large basin of water is placed in the poultry house so that the bird can wet its plumage and wash its beak.
Indochki fly well, so the mesh barrier is made on the sides and top. When kept in the yard, the wings are trimmed (tubular feathers by ½ length).
Containment conditions. The bird does not tolerate dampness, musty moist air. They make ventilation in the poultry house, windows, in the warm season they give the birds a walk.
When keeping an aviary, the territory is zoned - feeders in one place, a place for walking separately. Muscovy ducks make perches, roosting beds that resemble trees in the wild.
Recommended temperature is 16-20°, if it falls below 16° females stop laying. It is recommended to light the house for 16-18 hours.
After feeding, the containers are freed from the remnants of food - Musky ducks do not like dirt. Change bedding regularly (large sawdust is ideal).
Incubation is carried out in the spring. During the season, an Indian duck can bring out ducklings twice. Females have a developed maternal instinct, if the eggs are not removed for 2-3 weeks, the duck will sit on the clutch.
Newborn ducklings are fed 5-8 times a day. Start with eggs, then add cottage cheese. After a week, you can give the usual set of feed, pre-ground.
When walking, the bird likes to peck at shiny small objects (glass, nails), so you need to keep the yard clean.

Poultry is recommended to be slaughtered no later than 12 weeks of age to avoid stumps when plucked.

Meeting plan

White musky ducks are not too demanding on the diet, they demonstrate omnivorousness. So that immunity does not suffer, and young animals quickly gain weight, nutrition must be balanced. Ducklings and adults are fed with the same products; for young animals, food is crushed (fed 5 times). The diet includes:

grain, bran - wheat, oats, corn, barley;
green fodder - grass up to 10% of the total amount of fodder (including foliage, tops);
root crops - chopped beets, carrots, boiled potatoes;
meat and fish waste, river shellfish;
synthetic vitamins, premixes.

If the ducks do not walk, the grass is cut and given in one of the feedings. Indians eat kitchen waste well - cleanings, leftovers from prepared meals, pieces of fruits and vegetables. On the run they eat small insects. If the bird does not walk, does not swim in the pond, it is important to include bone meal in the diet to provide protein and amino acids of animal origin.

Feed the bird 3 times a day, better according to the regimen. Clean water must be available at all times.

Rules and profitability of breeding

Cultivation of white musk ducks with proper organization of the economy is a profitable business. Demand for red dietary meat remains consistently high, the market is not filled. The carcasses of the white French indouka have a pleasant presentation - there are no dark dots on the skin from the dyed feather, the skin is light in color.What beginner poultry farmers need to know:

Demand for duck eggs is low.
When kept in season, there is no need for warm houses, which reduces costs. In 2 months, the ducklings will reach their maximum size, they can be sold, having received a profit that is 2 times higher than the costs.
With constant breeding, you will have to spend money on a poultry house. Additional income is usually provided not by eggs, but by selling ducklings. With the independent construction of premises, feeders, the costs will quickly pay off. If you purchase an incubator, you can buy eggs from other farms and receive income from the sale of chickens.

Before starting breeding, you need to study the implementation opportunities, the features of the local market in order to draw up a competent business plan, taking into account all the features of the economy.

Reference: farms for breeding indoutok for meat have an average profitability of 70%.

Possible diseases

Muscovy ducks have strong immunity, rarely get sick. Among the most common diseases are:

parasites (downy eaters);
problems of the digestive tract - goiter catarrh, cloacitis;
infectious diseases - salmonellosis, aspergillosis (fungal), viral hepatitis, bird flu;
loss of plumage.

Vaccinations, compliance with the conditions of detention reduce the risk of developing diseases. In the warm season, the indoutok is transferred to the street - the sun, fresh grass strengthen the immune system, maintain the he alth of young and adult birds. When kept in a poultry house, they observe the temperature and light conditions, monitor cleanliness and humidity.

White Indochkas produce high quality meat and are easy to care for. Starting with a few heads and mastering the rules of cultivation, you can build a profitable business. Indian women grow quickly, are distinguished by excellent he alth, meat is in demand in the market.