Fertilizer Mullein: what is it and how to cook it with your own hands, application

Organic fertilizers not only increase soil fertility and make it looser, air and water permeable, but also strengthen the immunity of fruit crops, increase productivity. One of the most popular natural top dressings is cow dung, but it must be prepared before use. Fertilizer such as mullein can not only benefit plants, but also harm them if used incorrectly.

What is a mullein and what are its characteristics?

Mullein is a natural organic fertilizer that is obtained from cow manure by fermentation.Top dressing is characterized by a prolonged effect and after getting into the soil for several more years it continues to release the nutrients necessary for cultivated plants for abundant fruiting and full development.

The composition of mullein directly depends on the diet of farm animals on the farm or on the farm. The main components in top dressing are potassium and nitrogen, there is also phosphorus, but in a much lower concentration. Nutrients in fertilizer are in a form that is quickly absorbed by plants, in addition, properly cooked mullein is 78% water, which allows you to keep the soil moist.

Macro and micronutrients provide the following benefits to crop plants:

• phosphorus contributes to the rapid and abundant formation of ovaries, in addition, stimulates the growth of shoots;
• nitrogen is necessary for good nutrition of fruit crops and intensive development of seedlings and seedlings;
• magnesium stimulates higher yields from each bush;
• potassium is necessary for plants during the period when the ovaries of berries, fruits and vegetables appear;
• calcium contributes to the timely ripening of the crop, thanks to this element, the fruits grow in the correct and uniform shape and have an increased density.

In addition to the main nutritional components, organic fertilizer contains sulfur, copper, iron, cob alt, zinc, boron. Experienced gardeners recommend using manure from an adult cow, and not from a calf, on depleted soils, since in the first case, top dressing is more nutritious.

The components contained in the fertilizer change the structure of the soil on the plot - a fertile layer (humus) is formed on the surface of sandy soils, and clay and heavy ones become more loose and breathable.In the first type of soil, organic top dressing completely decomposes after 3-4 years, in the second case it will take about 7 years.

Mullein benefits include:

• low cost fertilizer;
• possibility of application for different plants;
• improving the quality of the soil and increasing its fertility;
• oxide form of the elements in the composition, thanks to which top dressing is well absorbed by crops.

Among the shortcomings, gardeners note the need for preliminary preparation, which takes time.

How to distinguish mullein from slurry

Manure, which was recently obtained from a cow, although it is a nutritious fertilizer, it is not recommended to apply it to the beds in this form. The fact is that it may contain pathogenic microorganisms that, once in the soil, will cause diseases of cultivated plants.Before using slurry, it must be turned into mullein and only then used in the garden.

You can distinguish fresh manure from mullein by one characteristic feature. Since the latter is a fermenting mass, small bubbles are visible on the surface, while this phenomenon is absent in manure.

How to make it?

Even an inexperienced summer resident who starts such a procedure for the first time can make fertilizer from manure. The main thing is to follow the step by step instructions:

1. Take a large container and put 5 parts of clean water and 1 part of fresh manure into it.
2. Stir thoroughly and cover the container with a lid.
3. Remove the lid daily, mix the mass.
4. After a week, the color of the composition will begin to change, and the particles will settle to the bottom.
5. Keep the mullein in a container, stirring every day, for 2 weeks.
6. Before use, the resulting mass is diluted with water at a concentration of 1 to 10 and components are added that increase its effectiveness - 500 grams of wood ash and 100 grams of superphosphate. Let it brew for about 50-60 minutes and use as directed.

It is worth remembering that it is necessary to store cooked mullein only under a lid so that ammonium carbonate does not evaporate, and top dressing does not lose its beneficial properties.

How to use fertilizer

Cultivated plants need organic fertilizer, which absorb a large amount of nutrients from the soil, which is associated with the peculiarities of their development. In order for the procedure to bring the expected result, it is necessary to adhere to the recommended dosages.

For cabbage

The first time the fertilizer is used 2 weeks after the cabbage seedlings are moved to the open ground. For each bush of culture, you will need half a liter of mullein already diluted with water. A second feeding will be needed a month later at the same dosage.

If medium and late varieties of crop are planted on the site, then it is advisable to carry out the third application of fertilizer, but this time increasing the volume of the solution to 1.5 liters per plant.

For onions

Mullein solution is introduced at the beginning of the growing season (end of May, beginning of June). A sign of the need for fertilizer is the intensive growth of greenery by the plant. For a square meter of garden, you will need about 2-3 liters of an aqueous solution of mullein. For onions, one application of nutrition throughout the season is enough.

For cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, melon and watermelon

Experienced gardeners recommend feeding gourds even during the period of growing seedlings, in which case it will be stronger and will transfer planting in open ground without any problems. However, it must be remembered that young sprouts will require a less concentrated organic solution.The already prepared solution is once again diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 5, and the seedlings are watered with this composition. If seedlings look weak, you can re-fertilize 2 days before planting outside.

The last use of organic fertilizer was two weeks after the plants were planted outdoors. They use a standard concentration of the solution, pouring a liter of mullein under each bush, this must be done after abundant wetting of the plantings.

For tomatoes

For tomato bushes, a weakly concentrated solution is needed. To do this, the standard version is bred in a ratio of 1 to 20. The first time fertilizer is used 10 days after the seedlings have been transferred to open ground or to a greenhouse. One bush will need half a liter of solution. The second top dressing is recommended to be done in two weeks, at this time the crops are just beginning to bloom.

Tomatoes are fed several more times during the fruiting period, but they already use a liter of solution.

For pepper

Fertilize bell pepper at the moment when it is transplanted into open ground. To do this, add half a liter of mullein to 10 liters of water and heat this mixture in the sun to 35 degrees, after which it is poured into prepared pits. Approximately a liter of fertilizer will be needed per hole.

Further feeding is done only if the crop grows in a greenhouse.

For spinach

Although the growing season of this crop is short, it is worth adding nutrients to get a bountiful harvest. Top dressing is recommended to be applied at the very beginning of plant development, using half a liter of solution at a standard concentration (1 to 10) for each specimen.

For beets

Feeding the beds with beets is carried out when the fruits become the size of a walnut. Use the following concentration - 1 part mullein to 8 parts water. You will need 1 liter of fertilizer solution per linear meter of the field.

For cucumbers

To feed the cucumbers, prepare a solution of 2 cups of organic matter and 10 liters of water. The first time fertilizer is applied before the flowering of the crop, the second - before the start of fruit set. Approximately 8 liters of mortar are used per square meter of garden.

For garden trees

To fertilize fruit trees, mix a bucket of mullein with 5 buckets of water and water the crops with this solution in the spring, using up to 3 buckets of the mixture for each specimen.

Precautions for use

When choosing mullein as a fertilizer for garden and garden plants, it must be remembered that it cannot be used in an unfermented form. In addition, when preparing a working solution, adhere to the recommended dosages so as not to harm the crops.

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