Zaveya pear: variety description and characteristics, planting and care rules

Zaveya is a pear variety that belongs to the group of medium-sized crops and has high fertility. It is a hardy garden plant that can easily adapt to climate change. He althy seedlings are suitable for growing pears in a summer cottage, a suitable place is provided, and the necessary care is given. This is enough to produce a crop and keep the crop he althy.

History of variety breeding

Zaveya is a young pear variety that was obtained in 2016. The culture was bred at the Belarusian Institute of Fruit Growing. The fruit tree species in question took more than a quarter of a century to work on, but its characteristics prove that time was not wasted.

Today, Zaveya is a sought-after pear variety, which is grown by both ordinary summer residents and agricultural enterprises. It has some similarities with the Prosto Maria variety, but the latter is not able to withstand critically low temperatures. And since Zaveya does not die even in severe frosts, it is classified as a winter pear variety.

Description and characteristics of Zaveya pear

Zaveya has a dense pyramidal crown. During the flowering period, it is covered with abundant white flowers. The leaves of the culture are glossy, dark green in color.

The fruits are medium in size, their weight is approximately 180 g. They are truncated, conical in shape, green in color. Gardeners note the high organoleptic characteristics of the product. Pear fruits have a sweet taste and a rich, pronounced aroma. The pulp has an oily texture, high juiciness, white-green color.

Pros and cons

Zaveya pear variety has many advantages and very few disadvantages. Gardeners consider the main advantages of culture:

good yield;
stable fruiting;
long-term storage of fruits;
frost resistance;
ability to adapt to any climatic conditions.

Pear cons:

susceptibility to phytopathologies with improper tree care;
intolerance to heavy clay soil;
relatively late ripening.

In general, gardeners are satisfied with the considered pear variety. Culture does not cause trouble, because it needs the simplest care.

Features of growing and caring for a tree

In order for seedlings to take root, they should be dived into the soil as soon as possible after purchase. If the procedure is successful, the harvest should be expected 3-4 years after planting the pear.

Choosing a seat

For Zaveya pear tree, fertile, slightly acidic, light soil is suitable. The occurrence of groundwater should be at a depth of 2 meters or more. A place for seedlings is chosen bright, protected from through wind.

Landing

The plot for the pear is being prepared since autumn. To do this, the soil is dug up, and then mineral or organic fertilizers are applied. Seedlings should be 1-2 years old, with lateral shoots no shorter than 12-30 centimeters.Pear planting is carried out in the fall, about 21 days before the onset of the first frost. It is not advisable to plant a pear in the spring, as it does not take root well.

For seedlings, holes are prepared 1 month before picking. The pits should have a diameter of at least 1 meter, and a depth of about 0.5 meters. The excavated earth should be mixed with organic matter in combination with mineral fertilizers, after which the roots of the seedlings are sprinkled with it. After planting all the trees, they must be watered abundantly.

Irrigation and fertilization

A pear develops a powerful root system that supplies the tree with all the necessary substances and moisture. Therefore, watering is carried out as needed - when the top soil layer dries. For 1 crop, 10-15 liters of water will be needed.

It is important to irrigate during fruit formation and after leaf fall. To do this, trenches are made around the trees, where water flows.

Feeding Zaveya is carried out according to the following principles:

Nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring;
during flowering and fruiting, nitroammophos top dressings are applied;
after harvesting, the crop is treated with phosphorus-potassium compounds.

Foliar top dressing is also allowed in the spring. To do this, dilute 0.5 kilograms of urea with 10 liters of water. But under no circumstances should manure be used, as it can harm the pear.

Cutting

To obtain a consistently high yield, tree pruning is carried out annually. In this case, the branches of the 2nd tier should be shorter than those located on the first tier. It is also important to form a crown, and this process is carried out every year for 6 years in a row.

Winter hardiness

Zaveya tolerates severe frosts well, without needing shelter or insulation. But this does not apply to young specimens that may die due to extreme cold. Therefore, it is recommended to cover the trunk of a newly planted tree with spruce branches.

Diseases and pests

Zaveya pear variety is resistant to many phytopathologies. She gets sick, as a rule, only with improper care or lack thereof. In this case, the fruit tree may suffer from:

Scabs. Fungal infection that affects leaves and fruits. Treated with fungicides - Merpana, Tridex, Horus.
Moniliosa. Phytopathology is characterized by fruit rot. When a tree is infected with this infection, 50% of the crop is lost. It is necessary to spray the culture with Bordeaux liquid.
Powdery mildew. It is manifested by the formation of plaque, first off-white, and then brown in color with black dots on the leaves. For the treatment of phytopathology, the affected areas of the tree are removed.

Soot fungus may occur. It is also eliminated with the help of fungicides or folk remedies.

Collection, storage and transportability

The fruits ripen in the second half of September. But, since they are able to ripen while in storage, harvesting can begin in August. Store the harvested crop in a cool place where direct sunlight does not penetrate.

Pear bears well not only storage, but also transportation. It is able to maintain its presentation and taste properties for several months.

Zaveya is a popular pear variety characterized by stable fruiting. The tree does not need excessive attention, it needs simple care, which consists in regular watering, periodic fertilizing and pruning. If these simple conditions are met, the culture will have strong immunity and be able to resist phytopathologies.