Beekeeping in the Krasnodar Territory: features and prospects for beginners

Beekeeping is a promising line of business that does not require large start-up capital. The main factor of his success is the knowledge and skills of the beekeeper. For beekeeping in the Krasnodar Territory, certain features are characteristic. In this case, it is imperative to choose the right breed of bees and take into account the available food supply. Moreover, each of the varieties of insects has its pros and cons.

Features of beekeeping in this region

Beekeeping in the Kuban is considered a very promising area of activity. The same applies to Adygea. It should be noted that due to the pollination of many entomophilous plants, it is possible to increase their yield. This applies to garden and berry crops, vegetables, cereals.

Modern beekeeping is impossible without roaming - the movement of insects to the areas of honey collection and pollination. Nomadism is carried out on the territory of the region and beyond.

To comply with the law "On beekeeping in the Krasnodar Territory" it is required to adhere to the following rules:

1. Assist beekeepers to transport bees to honey collection areas and house them.
2. Timely notify beekeepers about chemical treatments of agricultural plants. This helps prevent bee poisoning.
3. Engage beekeepers to pollinate entomophilous crops. This helps to increase their productivity.

Forage base

Different areas are suitable for breeding bees in the region. Depending on this, honey plants are also divided into several groups - forests, crops, hayfields, forest belts.Thus, forests in the region occupy more than 1.8 million hectares. The largest forest areas are concentrated in the mountains and foothills. They are also on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. There is the maximum number of wild honey plants.

White locust is considered to be the main honey plant of shelterbelts. It accounts for almost half of the total area of forest belts. This plant provides up to 90% of nectar in this area.

In addition, many honey crops are grown in the Krasnodar Territory. Most of all, sunflower is concentrated there. This plant produces a lot of high quality honey.

Nomadism is widely used in this region. The beekeepers of the region are actively moving to the foothills and gardens. They can roam in the areas of growth of acacia and chestnut. The region also produces a lot of honey from sunflowers. Nomadism helps to produce up to 10 varieties of monofloral honey.

In the mountains and foothills, plants begin to bloom in the second half of February. At the beginning of spring, beekeepers take bees to the foothill and mountain zones of the Caucasus Range. After that, they move the insects to collect honey from the white locust. Then comes the turn of sainfoin and sunflower. Also bees collect a lot of honey from coriander.

At the same time, the main part of the honey collection falls on acacia and sunflower. However, in bad weather, white locust does not always produce honey. In June, after the completion of its flowering, insects can receive nectar from sweet clover.

It is possible to improve the forage base in the region in different ways. There is a high need for protective plantings. The most useful varieties of honey in this region are acacia, linden, chestnut, sunflower.

Suitable Breeds

Kuban bees live in the flat terrain, and gray mountain Caucasian insects live in the mountains. Today, the Kuban breed has almost disappeared. At first, it was replaced by gray mountain Caucasian bees, and then by Carpathian bees.

Representatives of other varieties are also imported into the region. These include Italian, karnika, bakfast. In addition, Ukrainian steppe bees are common in the region. They thrive in such conditions.

The climate makes it possible to obtain early bee packages and queens. Therefore, many beekeepers distribute not only local breeds, but also different types of hybrids. There is usually no spatial isolation, therefore hybrids are often found on farms. They are considered not very valuable, characterized by a tendency to swarm, lack of resistance to pathologies and low productivity.

Krasnodar Territory specializes in obtaining purebred gray mountain Caucasian bees. They are bred by private breeders, who previously worked at the Krasnopolyanskaya Experimental Beekeeping Station.

Organizations of beekeepers of the Krasnodar Territory

This activity plays a significant role in the agriculture of the Krasnodar Territory. For its development, a regional society of beekeepers was organized. There is also the Krasnodar Regional Coordinating Council.

The Krasnopolyanskaya experimental beekeeping station is creating the foundations of this line of activity. Scientists conduct research there in the field of technology for keeping and breeding bees. They are considered the basis for obtaining gray mountain Caucasian bees. The employees of the organization managed to get a new breed species, which is called "Krasnopolyansky".

On the basis of the university API-laboratory of the Kuban State Agrarian University there are courses for amateur beekeepers. From time to time, there is an assessment of the quality of the bees of the region and the honey that is produced in the region.

At the same time, beekeeping in the region faces a number of problems. The main reasons that hinder the development of the industry in the region include the following:

• lack of a reliable market for finished bee products;
• difficult situation with pathologies of bees - nosematosis, varroatosis, foulbrood are often found in the region;
• shortage of experienced personnel - every year many bee colonies die due to the fact that beekeepers are not able to see the onset of the disease in a timely manner or properly organize wintering;
• lack of coordination between commodity producers.

Prospects

Nevertheless, there are prospects for beginners in beekeeping. The region is considered a leader in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The climate of the region is favorable for obtaining early bee packages and queens. In addition, there is an excellent scientific base there.

Beekeeping in the Krasnodar Territory is considered to be a fairly complex area of activity, which is associated with various problems. However, it also has many advantages. This applies to the abundance of honey plants and a favorable climate.

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