How to cure the earth from phytophthora: a description of the parasite and what is dangerous, methods of struggle

Late blight is a fairly common pathology that leads to negative consequences for plants. This disease can cause a significant reduction in yield. Therefore, many gardeners are interested in how to cure the earth from phytophthora. To achieve good results, it is important to choose the right tool. To combat pathology, chemical, biological and folk substances are used.

Description of the parasite

Phytophthora is a fungal infection caused by oomycetes.Today they are singled out in a special category of parasites. These pests easily overwinter on plant debris that is not removed before the onset of winter. The oomycetes then rapidly spread through water, through the air, and through contact between diseased fetuses and he althy ones.

Parasites multiply fastest when there is a combination of high humidity and sharp temperature fluctuations. The risk of phytophthora development increases during prolonged rains and frequent fogs. Also, the likelihood of pathology increases with an excess content of alkalis in the soil and a lack of potassium, manganese and iodine.

What is dangerous for the garden

At the initial stage of pathology development, infected plants are covered with gray-brown spots. After that, the foliage becomes brown and dies. First, leaves near the surface of the earth suffer from phytophthora, after which it spreads upwards.

Pests often infect young shoots.At the same time, brown stripes appear on them. In wet weather, they rot. However, the most serious harm of phytophthora brings fruit. Initially, brown or gray-green spots appear on their surface. Then they begin to harden and rot.

Affected potatoes are covered with gray spots. With a strong infection of representatives of the Solanaceae family, there is a risk of losing 80% of the crop.

Ways to fight the fungus

To cope with late blight, you need to follow a number of recommendations. To combat pathology, you can use chemicals, biological preparations and folk recipes.

Chemical additives

Such funds are considered the most effective. They should be used in the most difficult cases. Effective formulations include:

1. Bordeaux liquid - is considered the most common remedy.Soil treatment should be carried out immediately after the snow melts. To make a working fluid, it is worth mixing 250 milliliters of a concentrated substance and 10 liters of water. In order to disinfect the soil, the substance is used a maximum of 1 time in 5 years.
2. Copper sulfate is also very popular. For spring soil treatment, mix 2-5 grams of the substance with 10 liters of water.
3. Copper chloride - a 4% solution of the substance should be used for soil treatment. It is recommended to do this during the first warm days.
4. "Oksihom" - a solution with a concentration of 2% is suitable for the soil.
5. "Quadris" - recommended for planting potatoes. In this case, a solution with a concentration of 0.3% should be added to the wells. It is recommended to use 10 liters of working fluid per 100 square meters.

Bioactive substances

Such funds begin to act at a temperature of +15 degrees. The most effective drugs from this group include the following:

1. "Baktofit" - is a bacterial fungicide that significantly reduces the number of pathogens in the soil on the first day. For spring treatment, a standard working fluid made according to the instructions should be used.
2. "Trichodermin" - is considered a complex biological agent that helps to cope with parasites and makes the soil more fertile. To increase the effectiveness of the substance, part of the water in the working mixture should be replaced with whey.
3. "Planriz" - is considered a very effective tool that includes live bacteria. Treat the soil immediately before planting seedlings. In this case, it is recommended to use a mixture of 50 milliliters of the drug and 10 liters of water.
4. "Fitosporin" - is a very effective tool. For spring treatment of 1 square meter of soil, a solution based on 6 milliliters of the drug and 10 liters of water should be used.
5. "Alirin B" is a fungicidal agent that helps to strengthen the immunity of plants. To avoid the development of phytophthora, the soil should be watered with a solution of the drug before planting the main cultivated plants. To prepare it, you need to mix 2 tablets of the substance and 10 liters of water.

Folk methods

In simple cases, folk remedies will help to cope with late blight. In this case, it is permissible to use the following recipes:

1. Potassium permanganate with boiling water. This composition is suitable for processing greenhouse soil. In this case, boiling water should soak the ground by at least 15 centimeters. To 1 liter of boiling water, add 2 grams of potassium permanganate.
2. Dairy products. To make a useful composition, 1 liter of whey or kefir should be used for 10 liters of water. To make the mixture more effective, you need to add 2-3 drops of iodine to it.
3. Rippy hay. To begin with, it is recommended to fill the raw materials with water, and then add 2 tablespoons of urea to the mixture. The finished composition should be poured over the soil 2-3 times. This should be done with an interval of 10 days.

Mistakes of beginners in the treatment of phytophthora

Beginner gardeners make a number of mistakes when treating phytophthora:

• Wrong choice of mixture for processing;
• violate the proportions of ingredients and dosage;
• neglect the use of protective equipment;
• processing too late.

Phytophthora is a rather dangerous disease that can lead to a severe decrease in yield. To avoid this, it is important to carry out soil cultivation in a timely manner.

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