Pine nut sheller: how to make a do-it-yourself machine for processing cones

The design for harvesting pine nuts has a standard name - a sheller. This device reduces the time spent on product preparation. Peelers are widely used in large-scale production. A similar unit can be made with your own hands at home. Steel structures are heavy, but to lighten the weight, home appliances are made of aluminum sheets.

Why do we need cone crushers

Pine nuts are harvested in the taiga, brought from the Siberian forests. Nuts contain valuable trace elements, oils and amino acids. In addition, pine nuts are tasty on their own, so the product is in high demand on the market.

After harvesting nuts, the question arises of processing and storing products, so special devices have been developed to prepare nuts for sale in the most convenient way. Cone crushers, for example, help to shell and process nuts in a short time.

In production, different machines have been introduced that are responsible for several actions in turn:

• drying nuts;
• separation of kernels from the cone;
• purification of nuclei from impurities;
• film removal;
• washing, drying, packaging.

If the enterprise is large, then, as a rule, a whole tape of devices is installed inside the premises. The result is even grains neatly packaged in bags.

How it works

The standard pinecone crusher is designed according to a simple principle.The mechanism responsible for the movement of the product is suspended on an axis. The axis performs rotational movements along a given circle using an eccentric shaft. The cones are crushed at the moment when the cheeks of the mechanism approach each other.

If the size of the bumps is smaller than the width of the exit slot, then the pieces of material fall out of the chamber. Therefore, the main task of the design is to take into account the size of the core, to prevent the finished product from being sifted along with garbage.

After the next cycle, the next session starts. Work goes on for several hours. Production machines are mains operated, while manual peelers are started by turning the handle. Simpler mechanisms grind nuts by crushing. For this, corrugated crushing plates are laid in the structure on both sides. But these devices allow damage to suitable material, the walnut yield is approximately 45%.

Types of peelers

The modern market offers a variety of devices responsible for the function of cleaning and preparing pine nuts. At large enterprises, a set of structures is installed where the product preparation process takes place without human intervention:

1. Calibration machines. This equipment costs from 80 thousand rubles, designed to process more than 150 kilograms of nuts in 1 hour.
2. Machines for crushing cones. The cost of one unit starts from 100 thousand rubles. The machine is designed to process 160-200 kilograms of nuts in 1 hour.
3. Installation-hullers. The performance of the units is 70 kilograms per hour.

In addition to the above designs, there are special tapes that allow you to quickly wash the kernels and fry them. For 60 minutes of operation of such a machine, 40 kilograms of nuts are processed. Equipment of this type costs 120 thousand rubles.

How to make it at home

For homework, it is advisable to make your own car. The thresher will help to process the product within the framework of a small business organization or will be useful exclusively for personal purposes. The output of the finished nut can be controlled. The resulting kernels are stored for a long time under the necessary temperature conditions.

Home units are low maintenance, compact in size, can be used in small spaces.

What do you need for this

To make a thresher you will need building materials, tools, blueprints. If everything is done correctly, then a home crusher will be a great helper when harvesting products.

Usually, shelling combines consist of a hopper and a rotating drum, inside of which there are special pins for peeling.

Within this design, you can adjust the size of the nut. The crusher is driven by a manual rotating mechanism, according to this scheme, the principle of operation is similar to that of a standard meat grinder.

The main feature of the device is its fastening to a tree. For this purpose, holes are made in the back wall of the structure. The main advantage is the low cost of parts used for construction.

Parts are made of steel number 3:

• rear pillar, side wall, front pillar made of steel;
• rib with steel angle;
• bearing unit housing - 2 pieces;
• ball bearing;
• steel left axle shaft;
• bolts, nuts, screws;
• hairpin - made of metal rod - 55 pieces;
• drum from a pipe with dimensions 152 by 7;
• sidewall;
• handle sleeve;
• right half shaft;
• screw pins;
• arm arm, arm axis;
• knurled handle.

To work, you will need tools such as a hacksaw, gas welding, a drill, a grinder, screwdrivers, screwdrivers.

Creating Instructions

Manufacture of a crusher for processing pine nuts is carried out according to the standard scheme. At the first stage, a drum is made from a piece of pipe 25 centimeters long, then peeler studs are screwed to the surface, which must be cut from a steel bar with a diameter of 6 millimeters.

Step by step instructions:

1. The sidewall discs are welded to the drum, a hole is made in the center.
2. On the right they put the handle, which is responsible for bringing the mechanism into action.
3. The lower part of the 30-cm shoulder tube is specially flattened, sawed off, then a hole with a diameter of 1.8 centimeters is made inside the resulting wall. This will help to pass and secure the shaft of the handle.
4. The sleeve, shoulder, handle are connected by welding.
5. After the drum is ready, it is framed with 4 mm steel walls. Corners 2.5 by 2.5 centimeters are prepared for assembly.
6. In order for the drum to fit inside the structure, the side walls are equipped with 2.5 cm grooves.
7. The ball bearings are installed in place, focusing on the drawing.
8. Near the grooves located on the side walls, M10 size bolts are welded, then the bodies are put on them and secured with nuts.

At home, there is an opportunity to make the device easier. To do this, aluminum sheets are taken instead of steel parts.

Cleaning without a car

For home use, pine cones are cleaned with a sieve, but this device can also be changed to a sieve. The diameter of the sieve cells should be about 6-7 millimeters, otherwise the kernels may fall into the holes along with the shell.

For cleaning, the nuts are laid out on the bottom of a sieve or sieve, then they begin to shake vigorously so that the nuts hit the walls and crack. This option requires energy and is only suitable for physically strong, prepared people. Cones crack, nuts appear from them. The garbage passes through the cells, and the kernels remain inside the sieve or sieve. A repeated procedure with sieving through a sieve with holes up to 3 millimeters is carried out in order to weed out small debris.

Cleaning in the forest

Those who collect cones for sale prefer to carry out the primary processing in the forest.Before dropping the cones from the cedar, a tarpaulin is spread under the tree. When the cones fall to the ground from a great height, they crack. Then the kernels are collected from the canvas surface in separate containers, and the debris is shaken off. This is an energy-intensive and lengthy process that requires patience and time.

Harvesting pine nuts at home can be made easier. For this, a self-made cone crusher is suitable, which can be made from improvised means. These devices do not require expensive parts, are compact in size, and are easy to use.

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