How to propagate girlish (wild) grapes: summer, spring, layering, instructions

Parthenocissus or parthenocissus is a wild plant with inedible berries native to Asia. It is planted in the country to decorate fences, arbors and walls. The dense green mass of grapes protects the house from dust, heat and moisture. Liana grows quickly in the shade and in the sun, frost-resistant, but draws water from the soil, which is dangerous for neighboring plants. Parthenocissus has intensive vegetative propagation. Cuttings are the main way to propagate wild parthenocissus.

About propagation by cuttings

The rapid growth of parthenocissus is a blessing and a curse for gardeners.During the season, the vines rise above the buildings, so they must be cut off. Shoots make their way under the roof and destroy it, and the roots go very deep into the ground, so it is difficult to dig up girlish grapes. But the textured foliage captivates the eye with greenery in summer and crimson in autumn.

A wild plant produces fruit without pollination. Its berries are too sour delicacy, but a useful ingredient in folk medicine. Decoctions from fruits, twigs and leaves of parthenocissus treat gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic disorders and hematopoiesis.

In nature, wild parthenocissus propagates by seeds and shoots. For country needs, growing from seeds is a long and laborious process. Cuttings take root faster, and you can get them for free - in the park or from a neighbor in the country. Cuttings are a technically easy way to grow and propagate parthenocissus in the garden. But experience shows that in this matter, too, one must act in harmony with nature.

Pros and cons

The advantage of cuttings is that it is easier to cut the shoot than to divide the bush. Girlish grapes have a powerful root system. A common mistake when growing parthenocissus is cutting off shoots for cuttings at any time of the year, except for the winter months.

Features of cuttings of wild girlish grapes:

Positive	Negative
One shoot produces up to ten cuttings, which increases the chances of getting one or more new plants.	You can cut shoots only in May-June during the period of intensive growth.
Plants grown from cuttings are already adapted to the conditions on the site.	After planting germinated cuttings in the summer, soil moisture must be carefully monitored.
Cuttings can be planted immediately in the ground or germinated in a pot, water.

In the first 2-3 years after planting, girlish grapes develop a root system. In the fourth year, when the roots penetrate at least a meter deep into the soil, vines begin to grow actively.

Cutting cuttings

Lignified branches of mature plants are suitable for grape cuttings. Dry vines are not suitable material for propagation. Also, for vegetative propagation, shoots of three-year-old bushes that have grown over the previous year are used. Last year's shoots, on which new branches have appeared, are excellent for cuttings. This usually happens in June, which is a good month for harvesting.

General recommendations for cuttings of girlish grapes:

cut the shoot at an angle of forty-five degrees inward;
optimal shoot length is 25 centimeters and thickness is 5 millimeters;
signs of a suitable shoot for cuttings - green buds, bark without cracks;
cuttings are cut so that each has at least 3 buds;
leaves are removed at the end that will sink into the ground.

Cuttings from thicker branches germinate worse. Material for vegetative propagation of girlish wild grapes can be collected in September, when the plant has not yet completed sap flow. But then the cuttings may not have time to take root before the cold weather.

Summer

In June, new sprouts appear on last year's vines. For cuttings, those whose base is denser are suitable, it begins to wood. Hammer-shaped cuttings are obtained from the connected last year's and young shoots. They grow into thicker seedlings.

Cuttings of girlish wild grapes are carried out before flowering. The appearance of fruit ovaries is also an unfavorable period for cutting shoots. Before pruning, the soil under the parthenocissus must be moistened. You can return to collecting material for cuttings in the fall after the fruit has fallen.

Spring

Fresh cuttings of wild girl's grapes are recommended to be planted immediately. Therefore, May is the most favorable month for vegetative propagation of the plant.

Spring cutting tips:

select lignified flexible shoots from last year;
parts with root-like inclinations on the kidneys take root best of all;
when dividing the shoot, focus on the number of buds - 2-4 pieces on one handle.

Dry and warm weather is suitable for cuttings. It is not recommended to cut the shoots in March and April, when the heat has not yet been established, the sap flow has not begun in the plant.

In May cuttings there is already enough vitality for the growth and development of roots, so young parthenocissus will take root without additional stimulation.This is the advantage of cuttings in spring and summer. Autumn cuttings need to release roots faster, so you have to hold them in the Kornevin solution. But in case of prolonged rains, it will be difficult to control soil moisture.

Expert opinionZarechny Maxim ValerievichAgronomist with 12 years of experience. Our best gardening expert.Ask a QuestionA spring alternative to cuttings is the propagation of grapes by lateral processes. To do this, the vine is simply placed on the ground.

There is no need to sprinkle and fix the escape. It is only important to make sure that there are no other plants nearby, from which it will take away moisture and nutrition. Several plants can also be grown from one horizontal shoot.

Buds will sprout roots and then sprouts will appear. It is necessary to give them an upward direction with the help of a support, otherwise they will spread along the ground. After a year, young parthenocissus can be planted.

Rooting cuttings

Parthenocissus grows not only vertically, but also horizontally. The plant reproduces itself by basal processes in a permanent place. Its roots grow more than ten meters in length, reaching for moisture. There is a danger that they can undermine the foundation of the house. Root tendrils appear on vertical shoots and grow into the wall even through plaster.

Cuttings make sense if the green wall needs to be grown elsewhere. Wild parthenocissus, cut at the right time, quickly releases roots. Cuttings do not have to be kept in a growth stimulator. Parthenocissus has such growth power that it can move slate with roots and shoots and bend chain-link.

The main method of rooting spring and summer blanks is in open ground. If it is not possible to immediately plant the cuttings or they are cut in the fall, it is better to root them in a pot or in water.Autumn blanks can wait until spring if they are placed in a box of wet sand. During the winter, you need to make sure that the cuttings do not dry out and do not get moldy.

In the ground

The method is suitable for creating hedges and vertical cover. The cut cuttings are simply planted in the ground in the chosen place, but at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from the wall or frame. Planting them first on the beds, and then transferring is laborious.

Young roots will be difficult to dig out and unravel without damaging. By then, the seedlings will sprout. Wild girlish grapes do not like transplanting very much, then they adapt again and slow down growth. Therefore, it is better to plant cuttings immediately in a permanent place.

Recommendations for rooting parthenocissus in the ground:

dig a border or metal sheets along the planting line so that the plant does not grow beyond the territory allotted to it;
after planting, parthenocissus cuttings should be moderately watered;
the soil with seedlings should be free of weeds;
it is recommended to loosen the soil at the planting site of wild girlish grapes so that oxygen enters the roots.

The plants will seem lifeless at first. But gradually, with the development of the roots, the parthenocissus will get stronger and release leaves.

In a pot

If the weather is unfavorable for planting in the ground or the right time is missed for some reason, girlish grape cuttings are planted in pots. In this way, you can grow grapes on the balcony in the apartment.

How to root parthenocissus in a pot:

put drainage on the bottom;
pour a soil mixture of one part low acid peat and four parts sand;
spring cuttings deepen to the first bud, summer - to the young shoot of this year;
install a peg for support next to the handle.

At the end of planting, parthenocissus should be watered. Clay, plastic pots, containers, cut bottles are suitable for rooting.

Seedlings of girlish grapes should be placed in a moderately lit and cool place. The main requirement for care is regular watering. Multiple seedlings sharing one container should not be allowed to intertwine.

Parthenocissus sprouts that are not planned to be planted in the ground should be pruned in the second year of life. Seedlings intended for the garden will be ready to take a permanent place next year.

In the water

For rooting parthenocissus, settled tap and spring water is suitable. In the same liquid, several cuttings can be germinated in turn. Organic substances remain in the used water, which additionally stimulate the formation of roots.

How to root wild parthenocissus water:

fill a glass container with a liquid slightly warmer than room temperature;
dip the cutting into the water immediately after the cut. If it has been stored, trim the tip a little;
water should reach a third of the length of the handle;
two days later another container is prepared: put a piece of charcoal on the bottom, put cotton wool on top, pour water at room temperature two centimeters above the cotton layer;
keep the shoots in a new container for thirty days.

Charcoal purifies the water, but it still needs to be changed every week. If the branches and leaves develop faster than the roots, the seedlings can be kilched - increase the temperature in the root part and decrease in the upper part.

For kilching, parthenocissus is soaked in water for two days, and then planted in steamed sawdust or coconut flakes and covered with wet sawdust or moss to the second kidney.The container with seedlings is heated for two weeks. During this time, the growth of the top will slow down, and the development of the roots will accelerate, but the plant will need to be planted in the ground or in a pot.

Sprouting in water has one more drawback - after planting in the ground, the first roots will begin to die off and be replaced by new ones. The seedling will root again in the same way as when planting in the ground immediately after the cut.

Landing

Girl's wild grape grows in nutritious soil. Loam with low acidity is best suited to him. The site should be protected from the wind, moderately lit, without direct sunlight. Seedlings adapt faster in a shady place with loose and moist soil.

How to plant parthenocissus:

the depth of the hole is selected individually for each cutting so that there is one kidney underground, and if there are more than three, then two;
drainage is laid out at the bottom of the hole in excessively moist soil;
add sand to too clayey soil or peat to sandy soil, apply fertilizer if necessary;
stalk set slightly at an angle;
fill the hole and water it.

The time for planting potted seedlings is April-August, except for especially hot days. It is recommended to cover young parthenocissus for the winter: cover with spruce branches, pour leaves on the soil.

When the plant grows

Wild girl's grape bushes are considered mature in the third or fourth year after planting. They begin to bloom in July and bear fruit.

Young parthenocissus needs a little care:

water as needed, more frequent on dry days;
garter, mesh support, especially for shoots crawling up walls;
spring and autumn dressing;
sanitary pruning.

For the second winter, girlish wild grape seedlings no longer need shelter. The plant is resistant to diseases, but with a high density of leaves it can become moldy. Pruning will not only reduce the risk of mold spreading, but it will also help guide the vines in the direction of growth. If you follow the development of shoots, do not allow germination under the roof and on the ground, parthenocissus will not cause unnecessary trouble.