When to dig garlic in Kursk, Voronezh, Belgorod and other regions?

Table Of Contents

How to calculate the cleaning date?
How to determine readiness?
Which variety to choose?

In the agro-climatic zone of the Central Chernozem region, both winter and spring types of garlic give a good harvest. Winter varieties are harvested in mid or late July. Spring plantings of garlic ripen 2-3 weeks later. A more accurate forecast can be made if the growing season is known, which for different varieties can last from 95 to 135 days.

Let's try to determine the timing of harvesting winter or spring garlic for the areas included in the Central Chernozem zone. These include the Kursk, Tambov, Lipetsk, Belgorod and Voronezh regions. In these areas for garlic there are all the necessary conditions for growth.The composition of the soil is on average the same. There are differences in the duration of frost-free periods and the transition of average daily temperatures to positive values. We will assume that the agricultural cultivation technique is fully compliant.

Important! Winter and spring types of garlic are harvested with a difference of 2-3 weeks.

How to calculate the cleaning date?

Spring garlic is sown 40-45 days before the onset of stable winter frosts. During the autumn period, the teeth take root well and start growing with the onset of spring. The bulbs germinate at the transition of average daily temperatures to positive values. This is what will be the main reference date for calculating the harvest time. At an average daily temperature of 5-8 degrees Celsius, the plant starts to grow and it will take 90-100 days until it matures.

According to statistics, periods of warming with daily averages above 5 degrees Celsius begin:

in the Lipetsk region - in the last days of March;
in the Voronezh and Belgorod regions - in early April;
in the Kursk region - in mid-April;
in the Tambov region - in the third decade of April.

This means that winter garlic is being dug up:

in the Lipetsk region in early July;
in Voronezh and Belgorod - in mid-July;
in Kursk - in the third decade of July;
in Tambov and its environs, the harvest is harvested in early August.

The difference in collection times is present even within each territory, in the north and south of the region. Therefore, the answer to the question of when to dig garlic in the Kursk region may have several options.

Similar calculations are valid for spring garlic. With the transition of average daily temperatures to positive values, intensive accumulation of heat occurs and after 10-15 days they start planting.

Unlike winter varieties, garlic cloves planted in spring take a long time to root. Therefore, even varieties with a very short growing season are not able to catch up with autumn plantings in growth. The difference between collection periods ranges from two weeks to a month.

The Central Black Earth Region, with a temperate continental climate, is ideal for growing spring garlic. Despite certain differences in temperatures and rainfall in different areas, the bulbs have time to ripen by the third decade of August.

It is impossible to combine the harvesting of spring and winter types of garlic. Moreover, overripe bulbs literally fall apart into slices. In addition to the loss of presentation, such garlic does not store well.

How to determine readiness?

In order not to be late with the harvest, you need to carefully observe the plants during the formation of the bulbs.

Garlic leaves sprout sequentially. A new leaf grows inside the previous one, forming a false stem. Once growth stops, the hollow stem becomes unstable.
The gradual yellowing and death of the pen begins. First of all, the outer row of leaves, which appeared before the others, turns yellow.
The false stem dries out to form an onion neck. The thinner it becomes, the faster the bulb ripening process.
In plants with a removed arrow or in non-shooting varieties, drying out and lodging of the main mass of the feather indicates the readiness of the bulbs for harvesting.
In arrow plants, you can determine when to dig out garlic by the state of the peduncle. The inflorescence wrapper, holding the bulbs, cracks, dries up, acquires the color characteristic of the variety.
With the drying of each leaf on the bulb, a dry, covering layer is formed from juicy scales, which acquires a color characteristic of this variety.

For a more accurate assessment of the readiness of the bulbs for harvesting, it is enough to dig up a few plants and evaluate them according to external signs. In excavated plants, the structure of the teeth should be clearly visible. The cover layer must be durable, have a characteristic color for the variety and reliably protect the integrity of the bulb.

If it is not possible to wait for the full ripening of the bulbs, or unfavorable weather conditions develop, then I would dig out the garlic early. The green pen will provide power to the head until it dries completely. The bulb will complete its life cycle in comfortable conditions and enter a state of dormancy.

Important! Prolonged use of the same planting material leads to a change in varietal characteristics.

Which variety to choose?

Unfortunately, garlic is most often planted on personal plots, the variety and duration of growth of which can only be determined conditionally. Planting material is obtained from the collected heads. Of course, with proper storage and preparation of seed material, you can get a good harvest. But over time, the bulbs become smaller, their quality deteriorates. The reason for this phenomenon may be a banal non-compliance with crop rotation, due to lack of space on the site. Shooting winter varieties independently produce valuable seed material in the form of bulbs.

Spring varieties shoot extremely rarely, which means they reproduce exclusively vegetatively, with the help of their own teeth. Therefore, it is necessary to renew seed stocks at least once every 5-6 years.

For the Central Chernozem region it is easy to choose varieties of garlic:

for planting in the autumn, varieties "Komsomolets", "Alcor", "Dobrynya", "Lyubasha" are suitable;
Spring varieties of garlic "Gulliver" and "Sochi 56" will take an average of about 95 days to fully ripen;
for spring planting, the Parus variety is suitable, which ripens two weeks later;
Aleisky garlic refers to late-ripening spring varieties, with a growth period of more than four months;
very popular due to its high yield and ability to store well is the variety "Elenovsky".

All these varieties are suitable for the territories of Kursk, Tambov, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Belgorod regions. - zones of the Central Black Earth region. By purchasing varietal seed material not from the hands on the market, but at licensed points of sale, you can easily calculate the date of collection of the bulbs.