How to grow a mango from a stone at home: planting and care rules

Evergreen plant from the tropics - mango. Its fruits have many beneficial properties. The remaining bone should not be thrown away. After all, a beautiful tree can grow from it, which over time will delight with delicious fruits. The plant grows very quickly, so you have to take care of a suitable place for the culture. Before planting, it is recommended to figure out how to properly grow a mango from a seed.

Biological description of the species

Description of culture:

Evergreen plant up to 45 meters high.
The leaves are large. Length - half a meter, width - 10 centimeters.
Young foliage is reddish, mature foliage is dark green.
Flowers are collected in long panicles, yellow in color.
There are several thousand flowers in one panicle.
Depending on the variety, the fruit can be sour or sweet.

The plant and fruits are called the same - mango.

Recommended varieties

There are many varieties of mangoes on the market, but only a few can grow in a particular area. When growing a plant from seeds, it takes 8 years for the first fruits to appear. But without a vaccine, it may take longer.

Grafted plants bear fruit from the 3rd year and are almost guaranteed to yield well.

For growing at home

To grow a plant from a seed, you need to purchase a mature fruit. Any variety is suitable for growing at home.

For outdoor cultivation

The plant has good cold resistance, therefore it is suitable for growing in the southern regions of the Russian Federation. The fruits in this climate ripen in early August.

Best varieties:

Beverly. The new variety is famous for the best taste of all mangoes. Harvested gradually, starting in July and ending in September.
Carrie. The plant is medium in size with a dense crown. The advantage of the variety is the aroma. The fruit has absolutely no fibers. The fruit is delicate, so it is necessary to harvest as soon as it reaches technical maturity. When dropped, they wrinkle a lot. Harvested in July.
Edward. The plant is fast growing. Fruits for a long time. The fruits are firm but delicious.
Cogshall. Suitable for growing in a small garden, as the variety is half dwarf. The peculiarity of the plant is slow growth. The fruits are sweet and tender. Fruits in July.
Glenn. An ornamental tree with soft-tasting fruits. Harvest gives annually, long and plentiful.
Julie. The plant is dwarf in appearance. The pulp is tender, creamy. Fruits in August.
Kate. The best late bloomer. The fruits are large, sweet and tender. Harvested in July-October.
Kent. Refers to fast growing. The plant is small in size. The pulp is juicy, practically without fibers. Fruits in July-August.

To speed up fruiting, it is recommended to graft a young plant.

Seed Planting Technology

Without much effort, you can grow a strong, he althy tree from a seed. At home, it will not acquire large sizes, and the fruits will appear less frequently than those growing in nature.

Preparing the bone

First you need to figure out what to do:

Choose the right fruit. It must be fully mature. Best overripe. It is recommended to purchase in spring or summer. In winter, there is a high probability of purchasing a frozen product.
Separate the bone. In an overripe fruit, the rib at the pit will be cracked. It is necessary to open it and take out the inside. If the bone is closed, cut from the edge and repeat the above process.

Germination

Recommendations:

It is necessary to germinate in water. To do this, pour soft water into a glass and completely place the bone. The fluid is changed every 2 days. You must not forget about this, otherwise the water will turn sour, and the seed will not germinate or grow sick.
After 1.5 weeks, a small spine will appear. Soak the same amount of bone in water so that the sprout becomes suitable for planting.

Planting mangoes in the ground

It is necessary to plant a well-sprouted bone in the soil, if planted ahead of time, the sprout will not take root:

Capacity will need deep. The root system needs a lot of room to grow and develop.
The substrate is chosen universal. It is sold in any specialized store.
Drainage is poured into the bottom, then soil. A hole is made in the center, in which a bone is placed and covered with earth.
The bone is placed root down. Completely fall asleep, watered and placed in heat. The place must be lit.

What the sprout needs

In order for the sprout to take root and not die, you will need to closely monitor it and follow simple recommendations.

Correct positioning and lighting

The ideal place is a window sill on the south side. Can be grown on a warm balcony with maximum sunlight. The culture is thermophilic and requires a lot of sun. In winter, it is necessary to provide additional lighting.

Fertile soil

The soil should be well-drained and suitable for indoor plants. In heavy soil and with stagnant water, the sprout will quickly die.

Moisture and watering

Young plant prefers regular watering. But water should not stagnate in the ground. Do not allow the earthen coma to dry out. Under this condition, the tender sprout will instantly die. As soon as the first leaves appear, the culture is sprayed with warm water.

Optimal temperature conditions

The plant loves warmth. Favorable temperature +22… +25 °С.

Feeding

When growing at home, it is important to know how to fertilize the plant. Feed with manure. Fertilize twice a year under the stem of the plant. This will saturate the culture with the necessary elements for growth.

Further tree care at home

When the sprout has taken root well, it is important to properly transplant it into a prepared container and regularly carry out the necessary care.

Pruning and crown shaping

The plant tolerates pruning well and instantly restores crown volume. When at home the tree reaches 1.5 meters, they begin to regularly form a crown. To do this, cut off the extra branches to keep the dwarf size.

Mango transplant

When transplanting, it is necessary to monitor the earthy clod with the root system. It cannot be damaged. The capacity is chosen twice as much as the previous one. With frequent transplants, the mango may die.

Reproduction

It is best to grow a plant from a seed. Also propagated by cuttings. But this method is ineffective, since the percentage of survival is very small.

How to care for a plant in open ground

Mango grows well in the southern regions under certain conditions:

The plant is watered only in the evening, while maintaining the necessary humidity.
For the winter period, the near-stem circle must be insulated.
Feed regularly.
Loosen the ground in time.
It is recommended to mulch the soil around the tree. This will reduce the number of weeds.
Treatment against diseases and pests.

If you do not cut the crown, the tree will quickly turn into a giant. If all recommendations are followed, the plant will grow he althy and strong.

How to get mango fruits in a greenhouse and in an apartment setting

Before planting a seed, everyone is interested in whether it is possible to get fruits from a grown tree. From the age of five, the culture regularly blooms annually. But fruiting in a greenhouse and in an apartment causes some problems. The probability that at least one fruit will appear from the grown seed is very small.

The culture is guaranteed to bear fruit if the plant is grafted from a flowering and necessarily earlier fruiting mango. Preferably from a nursery. This procedure is not so difficult, since almost all cities have botanical gardens in which mangoes bear fruit.

In two years, the tree will please with the first fruits. Until they appear, the culture is fed monthly. Fertilizers use nitrogen-containing.

Diseases and pests - ways to deal with them

Like all fruit crops, the mango tree is prone to various diseases. And also pests attack the plant.

Anthracnose

The fungus affects only the aerial part of the culture. A distinctive feature is the rapid spread that occurs with the help of wind, insects, dew and rain.

Most often, trees that have wounds or damage get sick. Since it is through them that the infection penetrates.

Signs:

Whitish spots appear on leaf blades. Sometimes brown.
The spots are framed by a dark rim. They gradually grow in different directions and after a while merge.
At high humidity, the disease manifests itself in the form of cracks on the stems, which soon rot. As a result, the plant dies completely.
In dry climates, the lesion destroys the mango much faster. Sick stems break in light wind.

Affected branches and leaves are immediately removed and burned. "Cumulus DF" will help to cope with the disease.

Bacteriosis

Characterized by darkening of the edges of the foliage. The surface becomes wrinkled. As a result, the leaf turns black, but still holds on to the branches.

Prevention and control:

before planting, the bone is kept in the Agata-25K solution for a quarter of an hour;
the affected parts are cut off, also 5 centimeters of he althy-looking tissue are removed;
the cut is smeared with blue vitriol;
Trichodermin granules are brought into the ground.

Powdery mildew

Gray-white coating on the leaves, resembling flour, is a sign of powdery mildew. Over time, it becomes darker, and a cloudy liquid begins to stand out from the tissue. Foliage is usually affected, but the disease can also spread to fruits. As a result, they will crack and rot.

Prevention:

spray the tree twice a month with fungicides, diluted wood ash is also suitable;
treated with Topaz for treatment.

Spider mite

Insect braids with thin threads the tops of the shoots, on which beige dots appear over time. Over time, the affected areas lose color and dry out. Daily spraying with clean water will help save the plant. This method works at the first appearance of pests, when they have not yet had time to breed. For treatment, acaricide "Neoron" is used. You will have to process three times a month.

Shield

Shoots and foliage are covered with oval growths of a brown hue. Insects are smeared with kerosene and removed by hand. For prevention, it is recommended to wipe the plant every week with a cloth soaked in vodka and spray it with garlic infusion.

Aphid

Green-yellow insects settle on top of young leaves, shoots and buds. The pest drinks the juice of the plant. As a result, the affected areas turn yellow, dry out and fall off. With small numbers of aphids, pests can be defeated manually. Just press them with your fingers. In case of a mass attack, they fight with the help of general insecticides.

Thrips

A pattern appears on the leaves in the form of silvery strokes. Small black sticks are visible on the surface - these are pests, which the Tanrek drug will help get rid of. If you follow all the recommendations, you will be able to grow a strong tree on your own and get a harvest soon.