How to grow a nectarine from a stone at home: variety selection, reproduction

Nectarine is a type of peach. But this type of fruit crop is more unpretentious, able to bear fruit in a temperate climate. Many gardeners are interested in how to grow a nectarine from a stone and whether it is possible to get a positive result in breeding a fruit tree in this way.

Is it possible to grow a nectarine from a stone

Before you start growing nectarine from the stone at home, you need to determine whether the fruit tree can develop in a particular region, whether there are suitable conditions for this. Although the culture is cold-resistant, severe frosts in winter can damage the tree.It will take a long time to recover and will not be able to fully bear fruit.

Stone fruits are often grown from seeds. And nectarine is no exception. Here it is necessary to approach carefully the selection of seed material. Not all seeds are suitable for plant propagation. Store-bought fruits do not reach full maturity when they are picked from the branches. Therefore, it is not worth taking a bone for reproduction from them. Use the same material that is grown in a garden located in the same region.

How to choose a variety to grow

Usually fruit trees are bred by purchasing seedlings. For propagation of nectarine with seeds, a fruit variety is selected that quickly adapts to the proposed climatic conditions. Patiently engaged in the germination of the stone, caring for the sprouts, in a few years they get a fruit-bearing tree. But in order to achieve this, they pay attention to such varieties of nectarine that are adapted to growing conditions.

Material taken from fruits cultivated in Turkey, Italy, will not take root in Russia. It is better to take a bone for breeding nectarine from hybrids bred by Crimean breeders:

1. Krymchanin variety is known for its frost resistance, unpretentiousness. A medium-sized tree can produce up to 50 kilograms of tasty, hairless, yellow-colored peaches with a pink blush. The weight of one nectarine reaches 200 grams.
2. Winter-hardy and high-yielding Crimson Gold nectarine ripens early. Rounded fruits are covered with a thin yellowish skin with ruddy stripes. Their flesh is tender, juicy, medium fibrous.
3. Compact tree of the Columnar variety is distinguished by its fertility. Suitable for growing in small areas.
4. Kyiv nectarine can be grown in temperate regions. The tree grows up to 4 meters. The fruits are harvested in early July.
5. The hybrid Nikitsky 85 grows up to 2 meters. A tree with a rounded crown will decorate the site and bring many fruits. Nectarines in the variety are sweet, with tender pulp, easily separated by a stone.

The seeds from these varieties of fruit will allow a new plant to appear in the garden.

Cultivation

Planting a nectarine on the site begins with preparatory work. The vegetation of the plant depends on how they are carried out.

Requirements for the selection of planting material

The harvested nectarine fruits for planting should overripe. Pay attention to the pulp. The material that does not have damage, rot is suitable. Do not use for breeding peaches that are infected with pathogenic fungi, viruses. The stone inside should be whole, even in color. It is washed several times to remove the remnants of the pulp from the grooves on the surface of the shell.

Preparing seeds for planting

Separation of the seed from the stone requires accuracy. First, the bones are poured with warm water, leaving for several days. Water must be changed regularly. Then the drying starts. Lay out the material on a tray, put it in a well-ventilated and bright room.

You can determine the readiness of seed material by cracking a nut. It is better to put the bone on the edge and hit it with something heavy. It is impossible for the nectarine kernel to be damaged during the operation.

When planning to plant directly into the ground in the fall, you can not soak the seeds. For the spring procedure, planting material is stored in a box, excluding its damage. In February, soak the nectarine seeds in plenty of water. Then they are placed in a plastic bag with wet moss or sawdust and sent to the refrigerator.

Technology for planting nectarines in the ground

In the technology of planting nectarines in the spring, attention should be paid to seed germination. There are several ways.

The cold method is used like this:

1. Seeds are planted in nutritious and moist soil to a depth of 6-8 centimeters, filling the pot with it.
2. Send the container to a cold place.
3. Monitor soil moisture to prevent it from drying out.
4. Sprouts will appear in 4 months, then you can plant them in the ground.

Provide nectarine seedlings with the same conditions as indoors. They will not survive sudden changes in temperature. It is better to gradually raise the air temperature by exposing the pots to the windowsill and then to the open air.

The other way is fast. The seeds placed in the refrigerator are planted in pots with nutrient soil after 2 days. Top cover with a film or glass jar. Plantings are ventilated every day, moistened as needed.

The reward for diligence will be a sprout with roots and leaves of a month in 3-4. Seedlings are transplanted when the threat of frost has passed. Nectarine needs a lighted area with neutral soil acidity.

Pits are prepared for the plant in advance, up to 0.5 meters deep, 60-70 centimeters wide. They add humus, superphosphate mixed with earth. The seedling is placed in the center of the hole, sprinkling the roots, shaking regularly. Then the near-trunk circle is compacted and watered.

Peach sprout care

During the year, a nectarine seedling can be turned into a tree up to 1 meter high. To do this, he needs the appropriate conditions for the growing season.

Earth

The soil for nectarine must be fertile. If the soils are poor, then it is necessary to feed the trees with humus, complex fertilizers with the optimal content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.From the second year of life, it is necessary to close up 4-5 kilograms of humus per 1 square meter of garden in early spring. You can water the area near the trunk circle with a solution of mullein in a ratio of 1:6 or bird droppings - 1:12. 30 grams of superphosphate is enough for a bucket of water, 10-15 grams of potassium s alt and ammonium nitrate each.

If the acidity of the soil is high, then fluff lime or dolomite flour is added.

Temperature

Like a southern plant, the nectarine loves warmth. Temperature fluctuations are contraindicated for him. If there is a sharp cold snap, then it is better to bring a pot with a tree into the house. You can plant nectarine in a greenhouse in areas where summer is unstable weather. For plants with early ripening, spring frosts are dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to think about protecting the garden from the effects of cold. Save the smoke heaps, spread out between the rows of fruit trees. They are set on fire when the air drops to minus 2 degrees.

Lighting

Nectarine will bear fruit only in good light. Short summer is not for these fruits. It is necessary that the plantings be illuminated by the sun for more than 12 hours. Then the fruits will be large and sweet.

Irrigation

A variety of peach loves moisture. But it must be given in the norm. As soon as the topsoil begins to dry out, water the plantings. To do this, use the grooves laid between the rows of fruit trees. It is necessary to pour 3-4 buckets of water per linear meter of the trench.

Irrigate the area near the trunk circle. Each tree needs 1-2 buckets of water.

Diseases, pests and possible difficulties in growing

Gardeners who decide to grow nectarine in their summer cottage should be prepared for various difficulties:

1. Culture prefers warm climates. Therefore, if the winter is cold, below 20 degrees below zero, then it is necessary to cover the young tree especially carefully. Covering material is also suitable here. Use it in several layers.
2. Fungal infections often affect peach due to high humidity and soil. It is better to carry out the prevention of diseases by spraying the plants with Bordeaux mixture. If signs of pathology are found, fungicide treatment should be applied.
3. Plant pests should be fought with folk remedies. From aphids, a decoction of tobacco dust will help, a spider mite - an infusion of onion peel.
4. Strengthens the culture by spraying with a solution of "Ridomil" or "Thiovit".

A feature of nectarine is that the plant sheds its foliage late. When early leaf fall began, something was wrong with the tree.

How and when to transplant a tree

If the dacha is located in areas with a late start of spring, then it is better to first grow nectarines in a tub at home. In the summer, the plant is taken out into the open air. Then, with a closed root system, the tree is easier to transplant.It is worth carrying out the procedure in the second half of summer so that the plant has time to get used to the new conditions.

Before planting, carefully pull the seedling out of the tub or pot, trying to keep a clod of earth on the roots. They dig a hole up to 70 centimeters wide and 60 deep. Holding a peach tree with one hand, fill the hole with nutrient soil. The root neck should be at the level of the ground. After watering, pay attention to the level of the neck, bringing it to the correct position.

After abundant watering, it is necessary to mulch the soil around the fruit tree. This will retain moisture, there will be no weeds.

If all the rules for growing nectarine from the stone are observed, then the first harvest of fruits can be harvested in the 5-6th year.

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