Cannes: planting and care in the open field, when to dig and how to store

Cannes are distinguished by their attractive appearance, planting and caring for plants in the open field is not difficult. It is enough just to follow the recommendations, timely water and feed the plant. The culture does not tolerate low temperatures, so proper care of flowers in the fall will keep the plant he althy for the next year.

Features of garden canna

Culture has unique external data and can be a decoration for any garden plot. Cannes have the following features:

• The roots of culture are big. They grow not only in depth, but also in width, so this criterion must be taken into account when planting.
• The stems are tall and can reach up to 3 meters.
• The stems are strong and fleshy.
• The leaves are in the shape of an oblong oval.
• The stems and leaves are very nutritious and can be used as feed raw materials.
• The inflorescence is large, bisexual, can be red, orange, pink and white.

Flowers can be bi-colored, which is popular with modern gardeners. When planting a plant, be aware that cannes prefer open areas and a large amount of space.

Growing Requirements

In order for the plant to please with its flowering, it is necessary to properly follow the care and methods of growing the crop.

Illumination

The plant prefers sunny places. With a lack of sun, the plant reduces its development and does not bloom.The crop is not planted near large buildings that can block sunlight. When planting seedlings on windowsills, preference should be given to the south side.

Temperature conditions

The plant does not tolerate low temperatures and may die. The flower begins to develop only after the air temperature reaches 22 degrees.

Required soil composition

The flower prefers nutritious soil. In order for the flower to develop well and bloom profusely, it is necessary to mix two parts of the soil with one part of humus, wood ash, peat and sand. Such a composition will accelerate the development of the root and will saturate the plant with the necessary components during the season.

Growing cannes in the garden

In order for the flower to be grown outdoors and decorate garden plots, care must be taken.

Sowing canna seeds

In order to use seeds as planting material, you must first perform the following steps:

• Treat the seeds with boiling water and place in a thermos. This will soften the hard shell and speed up the germination process.
• The material is planted in mid-February in a seedling container, seedlings appear in 20-25 days.
• After germination, the pots must be placed in partial shade and a cool place no more than 16 degrees.

Flowers are left in a cool place until planting in open ground.

When to plant cannes in open ground

Planting flowers outdoors is necessary after there is no risk of frost. Planting a crop in open ground is carried out on May 6-9, when the ground is fully warmed up.If weather conditions are favorable, planting can be carried out in mid-April, however, such beds are covered with plastic wrap at night.

How to care for a crop

Caring for cannas requires compliance with some features that will allow you to properly grow a he althy flower.

How to properly water cannes

The plant requires moderate watering, excessive moisture can lead to the formation of pests and diseases. In order to prevent water from accumulating during planting flowers in open ground, drainage is used. Water the plant every two days in a small amount.

Important. The plant may react negatively to watering using cold water. Therefore, the crop is irrigated with warm water heated in the sun.

Fertilizer and top dressing cannes

The appearance of flowers depends on the amount of nutrients in the soil, so top dressing is carried out regularly.After transplanting seedlings into open ground, it is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizers, potassium and phosphorus are used before the formation of inflorescences, such substances increase the duration and abundance of flowering. Also in the middle of the season, organic fertilizers can be used. Most often it is humus or bird droppings, which is mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 5.

Crop Cannes

In order for the culture to retain its decorative appearance, it is necessary to prune regularly. All faded inflorescences and damaged leaves are removed from the plants. After the culture has completely faded, the stems are removed and the flowers are prepared for winter storage.

Preparing cannes for winter

Culture does not tolerate low temperatures, so it is necessary to carry out proper cleaning before the onset of frost. In order for planting material to be preserved throughout the winter:

• From mid-August, the watering regime is reduced to 1 time per week.
• In September, humus is introduced to saturate the roots with the necessary minerals for further storage.
• The bushes are hilling as the temperature begins to drop, this will reduce the risk of damage to the plant.
• At the end of September, the stems are cut at a height of 15 cm from the ground.

It is not recommended to leave the stems, they additionally consume nutrients and lead to depletion of the roots.

Times for digging bulbs

Digging up the roots of the canna is carried out in autumn before the onset of severe frosts. The period of digging roots out of the ground depends on weather conditions. Most often, the procedure is carried out in early October. The plant, together with a clod of earth, is removed from the soil and placed in a previously prepared container.

How to store canna bulbs in winter?

After the roots are dug out of the ground, they must be dried in the shade for several days. During this time, it is necessary to prepare a storage place and a container where the roots of the plant will be placed. After the containers are prepared, it is necessary to carefully examine the roots for rot. The remains of the soil are not removed, it is also not recommended to wash the planting material.

Indoors

At home, the canna is stored in a cool room, for this the plant is dug out of the ground and dried for 2-3 days, after which the root is sprayed with a solution of manganese and placed in a box. From above, planting material is sprinkled with peat and left until spring.

Keep the plant germinating until spring

It is recommended to store cannes until spring in pots. The dug out plant, together with a clod of earth, is placed in a pot and brought into a cool room.For example, on the veranda, the culture hibernates in its usual conditions. You can also store the plant on the windowsill, periodically moistening the soil. Indoor air temperature should not exceed 13 degrees. Gradually, buds will form on the root, which will sprout in the spring.

In the fridge

Crop can be overwintered in the refrigerator in the vegetable section. To do this, the canna roots are dug up and washed with water. After that, the planting material is lowered into a manganese solution for 5 minutes and laid out in a warm room to dry. After the roots are dry, they are placed on damp paper and wrapped. The bundle is placed in a bag and sent to the refrigerator until spring.

In the basement or cellar

You can properly store the tubers using the basement. To do this, you need to properly prepare the room:

• remove everything unnecessary from the basement;
• remove mold from walls;
• treat the room with an antifungal drug.

Dug up plants are dried for several days, after which the remains of the soil are removed from them. The tubers are placed in a wooden box and sprinkled with peat or humus. From above, the boxes must be covered with cloth or paper.

Storage in pots

This type of indoor culture allows you to admire the flower all the time. In order to use this technique, it is necessary to prepare a pot of the appropriate size. In mid-September, the plant is dug up along with the stem and transplanted into a pot. The culture pot is placed indoors on the sunny side.

In order for the flower not to die, it is necessary to regularly maintain care, watering and fertilizing. Most often, cannes bloom until December, after which they go dormant, in which case it is necessary to reduce the watering regime for the flower.

Nuances of care depending on the growing region

The period of landing in the suburbs is mid-May. The culture sprouts much faster and adapts to a new place of growth. Seeds can be planted in the ground without prior germination.

Planting and caring for elands in Siberia and the Urals requires more careful effort. The plant is recommended to be grown at home and planted in open ground only in mid-June. However, even with such a late planting date, regular shelter of seedlings for the night is required.

Classic flower problems and treatments

Like all types of flowers, cannes have a large number of diseases that can lead to a lack of color and complete death of the plant.

Viral diseases

Virus-type diseases rarely form on the plant, however, if not properly cared for and low in nutrients, the plant weakens and can be attacked by viruses.

The most common types of viral infection that can occur on a plant are:

• Cucumber mosaic. This type of disease is carried by harmful insects. Also, improper care and the presence of weeds contribute to the transmission of the virus. The virus quickly spreads through he althy plants and leads to infection of the entire area. Preventive measures must be taken to fight the viral infection. When infected, the disease is not treatable, and the damaged culture is eliminated. In order to prevent the virus from appearing, it is necessary to deal with aphids in a timely manner and disinfect all garden tools before processing the crop.
• Variegation - the virus manifests itself in black spots that form on leaves and stems. In the absence of timely treatment, it slows down the growth of plants and leads to a decrease in the formation of buds. To remove this type of disease, it is necessary to remove damaged leaves and sprinkle the cut with charcoal or ash.

Viral diseases are very difficult to treat, so preventive measures must be taken after planting in the ground.

Get rid of the fungus

Among fungal diseases, the following should be highlighted:

• Rust fungus - appears with frequent watering. It appears in the form of brown spots on leaves. The affected plant dries quickly and dies. To prevent disease, it is necessary to observe proper watering and regularly loosen the soil.
• Gray rot - manifests itself in the form of plaque on the root and stem. The reason for the formation of this type of disease is soil moisture. The infected plant becomes covered with brown spots, the leaves quickly turn yellow and fall off. To reduce the fungus, it is necessary to maintain the distance between plants and irrigate directly under the root.

Phytoplasma disease

The disease manifests itself most often after the attack of harmful insects, leafhoppers. Manifested by yellowing of the leaves and deformation of the leaves and inflorescences. When the disease appears, it cannot be completely cured, but the use of chemicals with chlorothalonil prevents the formation of a problem.

Leaflets

The pest very often infects the plant. Small larvae can be observed on cannes leaves, which provoke the appearance of holes in the leaves. The pests feed on the leaves and cause them to turn yellow.

The presence of pests is manifested by the following symptoms:

• appearance of black spots on the plant;
• presence of butterflies and small larvae;
• leaves become lethargic and curl into a tube.

To remove the pest, you can use special chemicals, such as Fitoverm.

Thrips

Pests are small and immediately invisible on the plant. Insects and their larvae feed on leaves and stems. With a large accumulation of pests, the plant withers and dies. To remove thrips, it is necessary to plant marigolds around the perimeter, and also spray the plant with such preparations as Actellik, Vertimek.

Spider mite

The pest feeds on plant sap and infects not only the leaves, but also the stems of the crop. When a tick hits, a web appears, and the plant becomes weak. The places affected by the tick have a large number of holes and gradually die off. To remove the pest, it is necessary to remove the damaged areas and treat the plant with the following preparations: Fitoverm, Aktofit.

Important. In order for the plant not to be subjected to this type of disease, it is necessary to use phosphorus and sulfur fertilizers.

Prevention

In order for the plant not to be exposed to diseases, prevention methods should be followed:

• timely remove weeds that can be a source of infection;
• regularly loosen the soil for air circulation;
• when the first symptoms of pests appear, chemicals must be used;
• treat the roots with an antiseptic before planting.

The best way to fight disease is to maintain proper crop care. Timely and correct watering will preserve the plant and will promote long-term flowering.

Methods of flower propagation

A plant can reproduce in several ways. The choice of propagation method depends on the personal preference of the grower.

Rhizome division

One of the simple methods of culture propagation. For use, it is necessary to prepare the root, on which there will be processes. The root is divided into several pieces. Each segment must have at least 2 kidneys. After the root is divided, the cut points should be treated with manganese or wood ash.

Parts of the rhizome are placed in a warm place to wake up. Once every 2-3 days, the roots are sprayed with warm water. Parts of the root must be placed in a mixture of peat and sand for two weeks. This period is enough for additional root shoots to develop and the bud to sprout. Sprouted root parts are placed in open ground and covered with plastic wrap. In order for the flower not to have to be replanted, a distance of at least 60 cm between the holes is observed during planting in the ground.

Seeds

Propagation of cannes by seeds is used very rarely and can contribute to the emergence of new colors and forms of the plant.In order for a flower to be planted in open ground in spring, the seeds should be germinated. Seeds can be purchased at a special store or collected by yourself. Seeds are collected after the plant has completely faded and forms a seed box. The seeds are large and hard shelled. Without pre-soaking, they rarely sprout.

After the planting material is treated with boiling water and placed in the ground, it is necessary to regularly water the holes. Planting seeds is carried out in pots and only after the appearance of seedlings is planted in open ground.

Cannes are unique flowers that can be used to decorate the garden. The plant requires compliance with certain care rules, otherwise it is often affected by diseases and pests, cannes can be grown not only in open ground, but also at home. The care process is no different, however, the flower is large and takes up a lot of space, which often causes discomfort.

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