Artificial insemination of pigs: types and methods at home

People who own large farms often engage in artificial insemination of pigs. This procedure greatly simplifies and speeds up the process of obtaining young offspring. However, before proceeding with the insemination of piglets, it is necessary to understand in more detail the main rules and nuances of its implementation.

Essence and benefits of artificial insemination

Before insemination, you need to familiarize yourself with the main essence of the process and its advantages. This technique becomes relevant when there are too many individuals on the farm. Thanks to artificial insemination, it is possible to inseminate a large number of females in a short time.During the procedure, it is recommended to use high-quality genetic materials from young boars. The sperm of one male will be enough to fertilize about five hundred females in a year. This is considered the main advantage of the use of artificial insemination. Also, the advantages include the simplicity of the procedure.

Using the technique allows the same sperm to be used to fertilize multiple farms. This is possible due to the fact that the seminal fluid can be transported without problems. The people who will be breeding will be able to carefully select the genetic material.

This process is simple and does not require the use of specialized equipment.

Among the advantages of manual insemination is the fact that in the process of fertilization it is not necessary to take into account the weight of the animal. Since there is no mating itself, this factor cannot influence anything. However, in normal breeding, the farmer should not allow the boar to be much heavier than the female.

Insemination without direct male-female contact reduces the chance of contracting certain infectious diseases. Also, artificial insemination allows you to fertilize a group of animals at a time. Thanks to this farmer, it will be much easier to care for newborn gilts in the future, as all females will farrow with a difference of 5-10 days.

Types and methods of artificial insemination

There are two types of procedure, the features of which you need to familiarize yourself with.

Using diluted semen

If insemination is done with diluted sperm, a little concentrated sperm is added to the liquid. Moreover, their number should not exceed 150 milliliters. It is also necessary to determine the amount of biomaterial that will be poured into the female. For every kilogram of live weight, one milliliter of seed mixture is consumed.

Before using this type of fertilization, it is necessary to prepare the special tools that may be needed. A plastic or glass flask is prepared in advance, which can be hermetically sealed. Then two catheters are prepared through which the liquid will be poured. After preparing all the instruments, they begin to transfuse the biomaterial.

Fractional method

Some farmers prefer to use this method. Its main feature is that it is carried out in two successive stages. First, the female is fertilized with diluted biomaterial, which must penetrate into the upper half of the uterus. Pre-semen is diluted with a special liquid, which is made from purified water, glucose and sodium. Then the procedure is repeated a second time to achieve the necessary microflora.

Pig Selection Rules

Before fertilization of sows, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of choosing a pig. It is important that the pig is sexually mature. Their puberty ends at the age of five months. However, only nine-month-old females can carry out offspring. It is recommended to engage in the fertilization of females when they begin their hunting period. There are signs by which it will be possible to choose the appropriate period for insemination:

Females become too active, restless and almost never sit in one place.
During the hunting period, animals lose their appetite, which is why they eat much less.
Pigs have reddened and slightly swollen genitals. Sometimes liquid starts to come out of them.
When pressing on the back of the ridge, the pig begins to arch its back and emit characteristic squeals.
If a male pig is allowed near, it will stand motionless without showing aggressive behavior.

In order not to miss the hunting period, it is necessary to regularly inspect the animal. It is recommended to do this in the evening during the feeding period. Individuals selected for fertilization must be removed from other animals.

How to artificially inseminate a pig

The process of insemination is carried out in several successive stages, which should be studied in more detail.

Semen collection

First, you need to start collecting sperm. First, they are sent to the usual mating with females, after which they are accustomed to a doll in the form of a pig. After some time, the animals develop a reflex, thanks to which they land on the doll. To properly collect sperm, you must read the following recommendations:

Scarecrow for mating should be carefully fixed. A rubber mat is placed behind her so that there is no slip.
In the doll you need to securely fix the hole that imitates the female genitals. It is advisable to install an electric heater inside to maintain a comfortable temperature.
The male genital organ must be carefully guided into the hole. To complete the process faster, it can be lightly wrapped around to improve stimulation.

Preparation for the process

Before you start fertilization, you need to do some preparatory work. To begin with, a room is being prepared in which the procedure will be carried out. It is thoroughly cleaned and, if necessary, the floors are washed. You also need to prepare gloves and tools. They must be sterile so that infection cannot enter the genitals. If this happens, the number of embryos will decrease and the pregnancy of the mumps may be disrupted.

The pig is driven into the prepared barn and securely fixed so that it cannot move. Then the genitals of the female are washed with a rag soaked in warm water. After that, they are treated with furacilin and wiped with a dry towel.

The female needs to be stroked on the sides so that she calms down and is ready for insemination. Also, such strokes help increase the amount of oxytocin, which is needed to improve the acceptance of the seed mixture.

Fertilization technique

To properly fertilize a pig at home, you need to familiarize yourself with the technique of the procedure. First, it is necessary to place a catheter in the genital opening of the mumps and gently move it inward until a slight resistance appears. Then it is turned to the left and the seminal fluid is gradually squeezed out. When the entire mass is poured inside, the catheter is carefully removed. To make it easier to remove, it is scrolled to the right.

Possible errors

People who have never artificially inseminated piglets before often make mistakes. The most common include the following:

Intensive feeding of females. Before insemination, gilts should not be heavily overfed, as this negatively affects the results of fertilization.
Poor preparation of the pig. If the female is not pre-prepared and calmed, she will behave aggressively due to stress.
Choosing the wrong period for fertilization. Fertilization should only take place during estrus.

Conclusion

Many farmers do artificial insemination while growing piglets. However, before proceeding with fertilization, it is necessary to understand the features of such a procedure.